ReviewEuropean radiology2021
4D flow MRI applications in congenital heart disease.
Review in European radiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.
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Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease-Associated Aortopathy in Pediatric Subjects-From Traditional Assessment to Current Advances and Future Perspectives: A Narrative Review.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The role of artificial intelligence in pediatric cardiovascular imaging: clinical applications and future directions in computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.Pediatric radiology · 2026Review
- Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease: Epidemiology, Screening, Prevention, and Therapeutic Interventions.MedComm · 2026Review
- FlowVN Trained on a Single Dataset Enables Rapid Reconstruction of Highly Accelerated 4D Flow MRI Across Multiple Sites.Magnetic resonance in medicine · 2026Article
- Effect of the Implantation Angle on the Durability of a Bio-Prosthetic Pulmonary Valve in the Tetralogy of Fallot.Korean circulation journal · 2026Article
- Measuring atrioventricular valve regurgitation in Fontan patients using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging and the association with clinical outcomes: A FORCE Study.Journal of cardiovascular magnetic resonance : official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance · 2026Article
- 4D-Flow Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging: An 8-Year Clinical Practice Review.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- The Initial Diagnostic Approach to Adult Congenital Heart Disease: A Practical Imaging Pathway for General Cardiologists and Cardiac Imagers.Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal · 2026Review
- Repeatability and reproducibility of hemodynamic measurements by intracranial 4D Flow MRI: a multi‑vendor and multi‑software cross‑over comparison study.BMC medical imaging · 2025Article
- 4D flow MRI-based grading of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction: a validation study against echocardiography.European radiology · 2025Article
- Review of D-Shape Left Ventricle Seen on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) or Computed Tomography (CT), Similar to the Movahed Sign Seen on Cardiac Gated Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) as an Indicator for Right Ventricular Overload.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Multimodality comparison of aorta morphology in patients with aortopathy: 4D flow CMR, CTA, mDIXON.BMC medical imaging · 2025Article
- Four-Dimensional Flow in Fontan Patients: Advanced Haemodynamic Assessment.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Right-to-left shunt detection in patent foramen ovale: The value of synchronized contrast transcranial Doppler and contrast transthoracic echocardiography.World journal of radiology · 2025Article
- Multimodality cardiac imaging for pre-operative evaluation in a paediatric criss-cross heart patient: a case report.European heart journal. Case reports · 2025Article
- [Clinical application of the 4D flow sequence in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Practical examples].Archivos de cardiologia de Mexico · 2025Review
- Development of a Porcine Model of Arteriovenous Fistula Venous Stenosis Treated with Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty.Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR · 2025Article
- Machine learning-based coronary heart disease diagnosis model for type 2 diabetes patients.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Hemodynamic analysis of non-stenotic middle cerebral artery in patients with cerebral ischemia based on 4D flow MRI.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Assessment of Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Children With Congenital Heart Disease Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Focus on Brain Volume as a Predictor of Neurodevelopmental Abnormalities.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Advances in the diagnosis and management of congenital heart disease (CHD) have resulted in a growing population of patients surviving well into adulthood and requiring lifelong follow-up. Flow quantification is a central component in the assessment of patients with CHD. 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as a tool that enables comprehensive study of flow. It involves the acquisition of a three-dimensional time-resolved volume with velocity encoding in all three spatial directions along the cardiac cycle. This allows flow quantification and visualization of blood flow patterns as well as the study of advanced hemodynamic parameters as kinetic energy and wall shear stress. 4D flow MRI-based study of flow has given insight into the altered hemodynamics in CHD particularly in bicuspid aortic valve disease and Fontan circulation. The aim of this review is to discuss the expanding clinical and research applications of 4D flow MRI in CHD as well its limitations.Key Points• Three-dimensional velocity encoding allows not only flow quantification but also the visualization of multidirectional flow patterns and the study of advanced hemodynamic parameters.• 4D flow MRI has added insight into the abnormal hemodynamics involved in congenital heart disease in particular in bicuspid aortic valve and Fontan circulation.• The main limitation of 4D flow MRI in congenital heart disease is the relatively long scan duration required for the complete coverage of the heart and great vessels with adequate spatiotemporal resolution.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.