Trial reportPediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology2021
A randomized trial of oral immunotherapy for pediatric cow's milk-induced anaphylaxis: Heated vs unheated milk.
Trial report in Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Oral immunotherapy for cow's milk allergy in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Oral immunotherapy for Immunoglobulin E-mediated cow's milk allergy in children: A systematic review and meta analysis.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2022Pooled it
- A randomized trial of oral immunotherapy for pediatric cow's milk-induced anaphylaxis: Heated vs unheated milk.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2021Trial
- Bibliometric Analysis of Cow's Milk Protein Allergy Research in the Past Two Decades.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- Recent Advances in Oral Immunotherapy for Food Allergies.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- Effects of Food Processing on Allergenicity.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2025Review
- Recent advances in food allergen immunotherapy.Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2024Article
- A Review of Shared Decision-Making, Published Protocols, and Post-desensitization Strategies in Oral Immunotherapy (OIT).Current allergy and asthma reports · 2024Review
- Practical issues of oral immunotherapy for egg or milk allergy.Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2024Article
- Food Allergen Immunotherapy in the Treatment of Patients with IgE-Mediated Food Allergy.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
- Low-dose oral immunotherapy in immunoglobulin E-mediated food allergies.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Oral Immunotherapy in Food Allergy: Where Are We Now?Allergy, asthma & immunology research · 2023Review
- World Allergy Organization (WAO) Diagnosis and Rationale for Action against Cow's Milk Allergy (DRACMA) guideline update - XIII - Oral immunotherapy for CMA - Systematic review.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2022Article
- Oral Immunotherapy in Food Allergy: A Critical Pediatric Perspective.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Review
- Comments on nitric oxide in children with asthma, low-dose oral immunotherapy for cow's milk allergy, and SARS-Cov-2 testing in school children.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2021Article
- Biomarkers in oral immunotherapy.Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. BReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSevere reactions may develop during cow's milk (CM) oral immunotherapy (OIT). We investigated the safety and efficacy of low-dose OIT with heated milk (HM) or unheated milk (UM) in children with anaphylaxis.
methodsChildren with symptom onset after ingestion of 3-mL HM on a double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge were randomly assigned to the HM (n = 17) or UM (n = 16) group. HM group ingested milk powder heated at 125°C for 30 seconds, whereas the UM group used UM. Patients were hospitalized for 5 days; the HM or UM was gradually increased to 3 mL/day; 3-mL/day ingestion was continued at home. One year later, the patients underwent 2-day consecutive 3- and 25-mL HM-oral food challenges (OFCs) after 2-week avoidance.
resultsAt baseline, milk- and casein-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels were 56.0 and 51.4 kUA/L in the HM group, and 55.2 and 65.6 kUA/L in the UM group, respectively. One year later, 35% and 18% in the HM group and 50% and 31% in UM group passed the 3 and 25 mL OFCs, respectively. Rates of moderate or severe symptoms and respiratory symptoms per home dose were significantly lower in the HM than in the UM group (0.7% and 1.2% vs 1.4% and 2.6%, respectively, P < .001). β-lactoglobulin-specific IgG
conclusionsHM-OIT induced immunological changes more safely than the UM-OIT. The possibility of lower treatment efficacy with HM-OIT needs to be evaluated in larger studies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.