ArticleTropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines2020
Correlation between immunity from BCG and the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19.
Article in Tropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effectiveness of Bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccination policies in reducing infection and mortality of COVID-19: a systematic review.Global health research and policy · 2022Pooled it
- Multiple BCG vaccinations for the prevention of COVID-19 and other infectious diseases in type 1 diabetes.Cell reports. Medicine · 2022Trial
- Childhood B cell leukemia: Intercepting the paths to progression.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2024Review
- BCG activation of trained immunity is associated with induction of cross reactive COVID-19 antibodies in a BCG vaccinated population.PloS one · 2024Article
- Latent Tuberculosis Infection and COVID-19: Analysis of a Cohort of Patients from Careggi University Hospital (Florence, Italy).Infectious disease reports · 2023Article
- Is the course of COVID-19 associated with tuberculin skin test diameter? A retrospective study.Journal of medical virology · 2022Article
- Pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 andFrontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Spurious early ecological association suggesting BCG vaccination effectiveness for COVID-19.PloS one · 2022Article
- Reaction of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies with other pathogens, vaccines, and food antigens.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Citizen science initiative points at childhood BCG vaccination as a risk factor for COVID-19.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2021Article
- COVID-19 and Beyond: Exploring Public Health Benefits from Non-Specific Effects of BCG Vaccination.Microorganisms · 2021Review
- Paediatric Contacts of Adult COVID-19 Patients: Clinical Parameters, Risk Factors, and Outcome.International journal of pediatrics · 2021Article
- On BCG Vaccine Protection from COVID-19: A Review.SN comprehensive clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Parallels in the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 andFuture microbiology · 2020Article
- Induction of Trained Immunity by Recombinant Vaccines.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Association ofIndian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social MedicineArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo investigate the association between parameters indicating immunity from BCG at country level (presence of BCG vaccination policy, BCG coverage, age-specific incidence of tuberculosis (TB)) and the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19.
methodsCountry-specific data for COVID-19 cases and deaths, demographic details, BCG coverage and policy, age-specific TB incidence and income level were obtained. The crude COVID-19 cases and deaths per 100,000 population were calculated and assessed against the parameters indicating immunity from BCG using linear regression analysis.
resultsUnivariate analysis identified higher income level of a country to be significantly associated with COVID-19 cases (
conclusionSignificant inverse correlations observed between cases and deaths of COVID-19 and BCG related parameters highlights immunity from BCG as a likely explanation for the variation in COVID-19 across countries.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.