ArticleEnergy (Oxford, England)2020
The energy and environmental footprints of COVID-19 fighting measures - PPE, disinfection, supply chains.
Article in Energy (Oxford, England), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 90 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
90 citing papers in PubMed.
- Thermochemical Characterization and Environmental Ash of COVID-19-Related Medical Waste Disposal.ACS omega · 2026Article
- The influence of investor sentiment on the Chinese stock market amid COVID-19: An event study analysis.PloS one · 2025Article
- The environmental impact and sustainability of infection control practices: a systematic scoping review.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2024Article
- Understanding of environmental pollution and its anthropogenic impacts on biological resources during the COVID-19 period.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2024Review
- Impact of oil price volatility and economic policy uncertainty on business investment - Insights from the energy sector.Heliyon · 2024Article
- aPDI meets PPE: photochemical decontamination in healthcare using methylene blue-where are we now, where will we go?Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2024Article
- Communications enhance sustainable intentions despite other ongoing crises.Sustainability science · 2024Article
- Rapid In Situ Thermal Decontamination of Wearable Composite Textile Materials.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2023Article
- Personal protective equipment-derived pollution during Covid-19 era: A critical review of ecotoxicology impacts, intervention strategies, and future challenges.The Science of the total environment · 2023Review
- Development of a Layer Made of Natural Fibers to Improve the Ecological Performance of the Face Mask Type II.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Personal protective equipment and micro-nano plastics: A review of an unavoidable interrelation for a global well-being hazard.Hygiene and environmental health advances · 2023Review
- Current knowledge on the presence, biodegradation, and toxicity of discarded face masks in the environment.Journal of environmental chemical engineering · 2023Review
- Challenges and future opportunities to unlock the critical supply chain of personal and protective equipment (PPE) encompassing decontamination and reuse under emergency use authorization (EUA) conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic: Through a reflective circularity and sustainability lens.The Science of the total environment · 2023Review
- COVID-19, Monkeypox, climate change and surgery: A syndemic undermines the right to be operated in a clean, healthy and sustainable environment.Perioperative care and operating room management · 2023Article
- Carbon footprint assessment of face masks in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: Based on different protective performance and applicable scenarios.Journal of cleaner production · 2023Article
- Plastic wastes in the time of COVID-19: Their environmental hazards and implications for sustainable energy resilience and circular bio-economies.The Science of the total environment · 2023Review
- Evaluating the Short-term Environmental and Clinical Effects of a Radiation Oncology Department's Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic.International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2023Article
- Face mask and medical waste generation in the City of Baguio, Philippines: its current management and GHG footprint.Journal of material cycles and waste management · 2023Article
- Green Closed-Loop Supply Chain Network Design During the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic: a Case Study in the Iranian Automotive Industry.Environmental modeling and assessment · 2023Article
- Environmental challenges of COVID-19 pandemic: resilience and sustainability - A review.Environmental research · 2023Review
30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The still escalating COVID-19 pandemic also has a substantial impact on energy structure, requirements and related emissions. The consumption is unavoidable and receives a lower priority in the critical situation. However, as the pandemic continues, the impacts on energy and environment should be assessed and possibly reduced. This study aims to provide an overview of invested energy sources and environmental footprints in fighting the COVID-19. The required energy and resources consumption of Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) and testing kits have been discussed. The protecting efficiency returned on environmental footprint invested for masks has been further explored. The main observation pinpointed is that with a proper design standard, material selection and user guideline, reusable PPE could be an effective option with lower energy consumption/environmental footprint. Additional escalated energy consumption for aseptic and disinfection has been assessed. This includes the energy stemming from emergency and later managed supply chains. The outcomes emphasised that diversifying solutions to achieve the needed objective is a vital strategy to improve the susceptibility and provide higher flexibility in minimising the environmental footprints. However, more comprehensive research proof for the alternative solution (e.g. reusable option) towards low energy consumption without compromise on the effectiveness should be offered and advocated.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.