ArticleHeredity2021
Inbred lab mice are not isogenic: genetic variation within inbred strains used to infer the mutation rate per nucleotide site.
Article in Heredity, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed.
- Genomic sequence and structural variations accumulating between laboratory lineages of wild typebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Tissue-specific differences of gene expression variance in mutation accumulation lines of mice.Heredity · 2026Article
- Inbred C57BL/6J and C57BL/6N mice exhibit differential vascular dysfunction compared with outbred UM-HET3 mice.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2026Article
- Exposure to novel females increases fecundity in adult male prairie voles.Hormones and behavior · 2025Article
- Retrospective analysis and decentralized distribution to improve the lifecycle of Ah receptor research assets.Biochemical pharmacology · 2025Article
- The rate and spectrum of new mutations in mice inferred by long-read sequencing.Genome research · 2025Article
- Uncovering codon usage patterns during murine embryogenesis and tissue-specific developmental diseases.Frontiers in genetics · 2025Article
- Nontraditional models as research tools: the road not taken.Trends in molecular medicine · 2024Review
- An estimate of fitness reduction from mutation accumulation in a mammal allows assessment of the consequences of relaxed selection.PLoS biology · 2024Article
- Variation in the Spectrum of New Mutations among Inbred Strains of Mice.Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Genetic influences on motor learning and performance and superperforming mutants revealed by random mutational survey of the mouse genome.The Journal of physiology · 2024Article
- Experimental Evaluation of a Direct Fitness Effect of the De Novo Evolved Mouse Gene Pldi.Genome biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Article
- The mammosphere-derived epithelial cell secretome modulates neutrophil functions in the bovine model.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- A timely, user-friendly, and flexible marker-assisted speed congenics method.Transgenic research · 2023Article
- Immune responses against group BiScience · 2023Article
- Towards a better understanding of human iNKT cell subpopulations for improved clinical outcomes.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Meiotic drive in house mice: mechanisms, consequences, and insights for human biology.Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology · 2022Review
- A roadmap for translational cancer glycoimmunology at single cell resolution.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2022Review
- Behavioral characterization of withdrawal following chronic voluntary ethanol consumption via intermittent two-bottle choice points to different susceptibility categories.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
For over a century, inbred mice have been used in many areas of genetics research to gain insight into the genetic variation underlying traits of interest. The generalizability of any genetic research study in inbred mice is dependent upon all individual mice being genetically identical, which in turn is dependent on the breeding designs of companies that supply inbred mice to researchers. Here, we compare whole-genome sequences from individuals of four commonly used inbred strains that were procured from either the colony nucleus or from a production colony (which can be as many as ten generations removed from the nucleus) of a large commercial breeder, in order to investigate the extent and nature of genetic variation within and between individuals. We found that individuals within strains are not isogenic, and there are differences in the levels of genetic variation that are explained by differences in the genetic distance from the colony nucleus. In addition, we employ a novel approach to mutation rate estimation based on the observed genetic variation and the expected site frequency spectrum at equilibrium, given a fully inbred breeding design. We find that it provides a reasonable per nucleotide mutation rate estimate when mice come from the colony nucleus (~7.9 × 10
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