ArticlePloS one2020
Different temporal dynamics after conflicts and errors in children and adults.
Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Development of Cognitive Control in Preschoolers and Kindergarteners: The Case of Post-Error Slowing and Delayed Disinhibition.Journal of Intelligence · 2024Article
- The Relationship between Executive Functions, Working Memory, and Intelligence in Kindergarten Children.Journal of Intelligence · 2023Article
- Age-related qualitative differences in post-error cognitive control adjustments.The British journal of developmental psychology · 2022Article
- Post-error Slowing Reflects the Joint Impact of Adaptive and Maladaptive Processes During Decision Making.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Article
- Six- to eight-year-olds' performance in the Heart and Flower task: Emerging proactive cognitive control.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
After perceiving cognitive conflicts or errors, children as well as adults adjust their performance in terms of reaction time slowing on subsequent actions, resulting in the so called post-conflict slowing and post-error slowing, respectively. The development of these phenomena has been studied separately and with different methods yielding inconsistent findings. We aimed to assess the temporal dynamics of these two slowing phenomena within a single behavioral task. To do so, 9-13-year-old children and young adults performed a Simon task in which every fifth trial was incongruent and thus induced cognitive conflict and, frequently, also errors. We compared the reaction times on four trials following a conflict or an error. Both age groups slowed down after conflicts and did so even more strongly after errors. Disproportionally high reaction times on the first post-error trial were followed by a steady flattening of the slowing. Generally, children slowed down more than adults. In addition to highlighting the phenomenal and developmental robustness of post-conflict and post-error slowing these findings strongly suggest increasingly efficient performance adjustment through fine-tuning of cognitive control in the course of development.
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