ArticleClinical medicine (London, England)2020
Inhaled and systemic heparin as a repurposed direct antiviral drug for prevention and treatment of COVID-19.
Article in Clinical medicine (London, England), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05204550 (A Randomised, Placebo-controlled Trial to Investigate the Efficacy of Intranasal Heparin Treatment to Reduce Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID 19 Disease Among Household Contacts of SARS-CoV-2+ Adults and Children), which is not on this map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomised, Placebo-controlled Trial to Investigate the Efficacy of Intranasal Heparin Treatment to Reduce Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID 19 Disease Among Household Contacts of SARS-CoV-2+ Adults and Children
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nebulized enriched heparin improves respiratory parameters in patients with COVID-19: a phase I/II randomized and triple-blind clinical trial.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Efficacy of inhaled nebulised unfractionated heparin to prevent intubation or death in hospitalised patients with COVID-19: an investigator-initiated international meta-trial of randomised clinical studies.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- A pan-respiratory virus attachment inhibitor with high potency in human airway models and in vivo.Science advances · 2025Article
- Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Styrene Maleic-Acid Copolymer Lipid Particle Nanodiscs for pH-Responsive Irreversible Virus Inactivation.Biomacromolecules · 2025Article
- Synthetic heparan sulfate mimics based on chitosan derivatives show broad-spectrum antiviral activity.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Multifaceted Heparin: Diverse Applications beyond Anticoagulant Therapy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Role of Therapeutic Anticoagulation in COVID-19: The Current Situation.Hematology reports · 2023Review
- Coagulopathy and thromboembolic events a pathogenic mechanism of COVID-19 associated with mortality: An updated review.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2023Review
- Sulfated polysaccharides act as baits to interfere with the binding of the spike protein (SARS-CoV-2) to the ACE2 receptor and can be administered through food.Journal of functional foods · 2023Article
- Heparin, Low Molecular Weight Heparin, and Non-Anticoagulant Derivatives for the Treatment of Inflammatory Lung Disease.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The diverse role of heparan sulfate and other GAGs in SARS-CoV-2 infections and therapeutics.Carbohydrate polymers · 2023Review
- Treatment of respiratory viral infections through inhalation therapeutics: Challenges and opportunities.Pulmonary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2022Review
- Article
- Nanoscale Technologies in the Fight against COVID-19: From Innovative Nanomaterials to Computer-Aided Discovery of Potential Antiviral Plant-Derived Drugs.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- Macromolecular Viral Entry Inhibitors as Broad-Spectrum First-Line Antivirals with Activity against SARS-CoV-2.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2022Article
- Review
- Effects of low molecular weight heparin and fondaparinux on mortality, hemorrhagic and thrombotic complications in COVID-19 patients.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2022Article
- Clinical Evidence Informing Treatment Guidelines on Repurposed Drugs for Hospitalized Patients During the Early COVID-19 Pandemic: Corticosteroids, Anticoagulants, (Hydroxy)chloroquine.Frontiers in public health · 2022Review
- Review
- Early Effects of Low Molecular Weight Heparin Therapy with Soft-Mist Inhaler for COVID-19-Induced Hypoxemia: A Phase IIb Trial.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Here, we advocate a highly favourable opportunity for the treatment of COVID-19 disease by repurposing a long-serving medical agent with an excellent history of clinical use, namely heparin. Heparin is best known as an anticoagulant, but it also exhibits direct antiviral activity against many enveloped viruses and has anti-inflammatory activity. The high incidence of thromboembolic events in COVID-19 patients suggests that coagulopathy plays an important role in the SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis. This already makes heparin a unique, potentially curative agent that can be used immediately to help resolve the ongoing crisis associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease. We demonstrate here
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.