ArticleVaccine2020
BCG vaccine may generate cross-reactive T cells against SARS-CoV-2: In silico analyses and a hypothesis.
Article in Vaccine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reactivation of BCG vaccination SCAR after influenza vaccination: a case report.Oxford medical case reports · 2025Article
- Evaluation of the cross-immunity between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium abscessus in vitro.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Review
- Efficacy and outcomes of BCG re-vaccination in COVID-19: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of randomized controlled trials.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Review
- Research progress on specific and non-specific immune effects of BCG and the possibility of BCG protection against COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Architecture of the SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell repertoire.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Prophylactic and therapeutic insights into trained immunity: A renewed concept of innate immune memory.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Review
- Article
- BCG and SARS-CoV-2-What Have We Learned?Vaccines · 2022Review
- Induction of Cross-Reacting Antibodies Against the COVID-19 by BCG Vaccination in the Mouse Model.Current microbiology · 2022Article
- BCG Vaccination: A potential tool against COVID-19 and COVID-19-like Black Swan incidents.International immunopharmacology · 2022Review
- Social and Policy Determinants of COVID-19 Infection Across 23 Countries: An Ecological Study.Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi · 2022Article
- Three Specific Potential Epitopes That Could Be Recognized by T Cells of Convalescent COVID-19 Patients Were Identified From Spike Protein.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Reactivation of BCG vaccination scars after vaccination with mRNA-Covid-vaccines: two case reports.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Effect of BCG Revaccination on Occupationally Exposed Medical Personnel Vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2.Cells · 2021Article
- Pre-existing T cell-mediated cross-reactivity to SARS-CoV-2 cannot solely be explained by prior exposure to endemic human coronaviruses.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Chemotherapy vs. Immunotherapy in combating nCOVID19: An update.Human immunology · 2021Review
- Natural unblinding of BCG vaccination trials.Vaccine · 2021Article
- Association between live childhood vaccines and COVID-19 outcomes: a national-level analysis.Epidemiology and infection · 2021Article
- BCG vaccination history associates with decreased SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence across a diverse cohort of health care workers.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2021Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The world is facing the rising emergency of SARS-CoV-2. The outbreak of COVID-19 has caused a global public health and economic crisis.Recent epidemiological studies have shown that a possible association of BCG vaccination program with decreased COVID-19-related risks, suggesting that BCG may provide protection against COVID-19. Non-specific protection against viral infections is considered as a main mechanism of BCG and clinical trials to determine whether BCG vaccine can protect healthcare workers from the COVID-19 are currently underway. We hypothesized that BCG may carry similar T cell epitopes with SARS-CoV-2 and evaluated the hypothesis by utilizing publicly available database and computer algorithms predicting human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I-binding peptides. We foundthatBCG contains similar 9-amino acid sequences with SARS-CoV-2. These closely-related peptides had moderate to high binding affinity for multiple common HLA class I molecules, suggesting that cross-reactive T cells against SARS-CoV-2 could be generated by BCG vaccination.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.