ArticleVeterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports2020
Scarcity of Hepatozoon americanum in Gulf Coast tick vectors and potential for cultivating the protozoan.
Article in Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Ehrlichia, Hepatozoon, and Babesia Coinfection Patterns Among Owned Dogs in Central Thailand.Journal of veterinary internal medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
American canine hepatozoonosis (ACH) is a debilitating tick-borne disease characterized by pyrexia, body wasting, myopathy, mucopurulent ocular discharge, and periosteal proliferation. The causative agent, Hepatozoon americanum, is an apicomplexan that utilizes the Gulf Coast tick, Amblyomma maculatum, as its definitive host and vector. Unlike most tick-borne disease agents, H. americanum is not transmitted via a tick bite, but is transmitted when canids ingest a tick vector that contains sporulated oocysts within the tick hemocoel or paratenic hosts with cystozoites. Our understanding of H. americanum prevalence is based on its detection in the intermediate host, wild or domestic canids, with domestic canids often showing clinical signs at the time of diagnosis. The frequency of H. americanum in A. maculatum, on the other hand, is unknown; this gap in our knowledge hinders our understanding of transmission risk. Furthermore, current diagnostic assays are limited in efficacy, and serologic assays are not widely available. To begin to address gaps in our knowledge, we developed a TaqMan® multiplex qPCR assay for H. americanum detection in A. maculatum tick extracts and evaluated infection rates in questing adult A. maculatum. Additionally, we used a co-culture system to expose H. americanum stages to host cells for in vitro development. Results from qPCR analysis of over 500 tick extracts revealed no positive samples; this suggests both low transmission risk by adult Gulf Coast tick ingestion in the sampled areas, and that surveillance should be focused in areas where ACH has been diagnosed at higher frequencies. Hepatozoon americanum was detectable by qPCR in co-culture of an infected canine buffy coat with ISE6 (Ixodes scapularis embryonic) tick cells, and microscopic examination of samples from those days revealed some structures that were suspicious for developing stages. These data are a starting point for future work to advance our understanding of H. americanum transmission and mechanisms of disease in canids with ACH.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.