ArticleCurrent medical science2020
Down-regulation and Clinical Implication of Galectin-9 Levels in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome and Chronic Kidney Disease.
Article in Current medical science, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Decoding the diabetes-pancreatic adenocarcinoma connection: the critical role of PILRA in intermediate monocyte activity.BMC medical genomics · 2026Article
- Anti-atherogenic immune checkpoint TIM-3 as a promising pharmacologic target toward ischemic heart diseases: a prospective review.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
- Galectin-9: diverse roles in skin disease.Frontiers in allergy · 2025Review
- Galectin Plasmatic Levels Reveal a Cluster Associated with Disease Aggressiveness and Kidney Damage in Multiple Myeloma Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Do Serum Galectin-9 Levels in Women with Gestational Diabetes and Healthy Ones Differ before or after Delivery? A Pilot Study.Biomolecules · 2023Article
- Macrophage polarization markers in subcutaneous, pericardial, and epicardial adipose tissue are altered in patients with coronary heart disease.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Article
- Galectin functions in cancer-associated inflammation and thrombosis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Review
- Clinical value of the sTim‑3 level in chronic kidney disease.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2022Article
- Galectin-9: A Suppressor of Atherosclerosis?Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In various autoimmune diseases, Galecin-9 (Gal-9) has been shown to regulate the T-cell balance by decreasing Th1 and Th17, while increasing the number of regulatory T cells (Tregs). However, the role of Gal-9 in the patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains unclear. This study aims to measure the Gal-9 levels in serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in patients with ACS plus CKD and examine their clinical implication. The serum levels of Gal-9 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the expression levels of Gal-9, Tim-3, and Foxp3 mRNA in PBMCs were detected by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the expression of Gal-9 on the surface of PBMCs and in PBMCs was analyzed by flow cytometry. Furthermore, the correlation of serum Gal-9 levels with anthropometric and biochemical variables in patients with ACS plus CKD was analyzed. The lowest levels of Gal-9 in serum and PBMCs were found in the only ACS group, followed by the ACS+CKD group, and the normal coronary artery (NCA) group, respectively. Serum Gal-9 levels were increased along with the progression of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) categories of G1 to G4. Additionally, serum Gal-9 levels were negatively correlated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), estimated GFR (eGFR), and lipoprotein(a), but positively with creatinine, age, osmotic pressure, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Notably, serum Gal-9 was independently associated with hs-CRP, osmotic pressure, and lipoprotein(a). Furthermore, serum Gal-9 levels were elevated in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in ACS group. It was suggested that the levels of Gal-9 in serum and PBMCs were decreased in patients with simple ACS and those with ACS plus CKD, and hs-CRP, eGFR, osmotic pressure and T2DM may have an influence on serum Gal-9 levels.
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