Observational studyArchives of physical medicine and rehabilitation2021
Regional Variations in Rehabilitation Outcomes of Adult Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury: A Uniform Data System for Medical Rehabilitation Investigation.
Observational study in Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Spinal epidural electrical stimulation for the recovery of motor function in lower limbs after spinal cord injury: A pilot study.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2026Article
- Building Research Capacity to Enroll Spanish-Speaking Patients and Families in a Traumatic Brain Injury Transitional Care Intervention.Western journal of nursing research · 2026Article
- Influence of social determinants of health on post-acute use and outcome: a scoping review.Health affairs scholar · 2026Review
- Setting the foundation for a national collaborative learning health system in acute TBI rehabilitation: CARE4TBI Year 1 experience.Learning health systems · 2025Article
- Factors Associated With Rehabilitation Length of Stay in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Brain & NeuroRehabilitation · 2025Article
- Article
- Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation Outcome Prediction Using Machine Learning Methods.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translation · 2023Article
- The BETTER Traumatic Brain Injury Transitional Care Intervention: A Feasibility Study.Western journal of nursing research · 2023Article
- Machine Learning Approach for the Prediction of In-Hospital Mortality in Traumatic Brain Injury Using Bio-Clinical Markers at Presentation to the Emergency Department.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- "If you respect me, you are respecting my culture": methods and recommendations for personalizing a TBI transitional care intervention.Brain injury · 2023Article
- Post-Acute Care for Traumatic Brain Injury Patients in Taiwan.International journal of general medicine · 2023Article
- Prognostic humility and ethical dilemmas after severe brain injury: Summary, recommendations, and qualitative analysis of Curing Coma Campaign virtual event proceedings.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2023Article
- Design, methods, and baseline characteristics of the Brain Injury Education, Training, and Therapy to Enhance Recovery (BETTER) feasibility study: a transitional care intervention for younger adult patients with traumatic brain injury and caregivers.Current medical research and opinion · 2022Article
- Prediction of motor function in patients with traumatic brain injury using genetic algorithms modified back propagation neural network: A data-based study.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Social Determinants of Health in Physiatry: Challenges and Opportunities for Clinical Decision Making and Improving Treatment Precision.Frontiers in public health · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo examine regional differences in rehabilitation outcomes among adult patients with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) who received care at an inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF).
designWe conducted a secondary analysis of a large, multi-center dataset from the Uniform Data System for Medical Rehabilitation.
settingMore than 70% of all IRFs in the United States.
participantsAdult TBI patients (N=175,358) aged 18 years or older who were admitted and discharged from an IRF in the United States between 2004 and 2014. Qualifying etiology included traumatic brain dysfunction Impairment Group codes 02.21 (traumatic, open injury) and 02.22 (traumatic, closed injury).
interventionsNot applicable.
main outcome measuresDischarge functional status (total, cognitive, motor), length of stay, and discharge to home.
resultsPatient and clinical characteristics varied significantly by geographic location, as did median functional status, length of stay, and percentage of patients discharged home. The region where IRF care was received, race and ethnicity, age, occurrence of 1 or more falls during the IRF stay, case mix group, and insurance status were associated with discharge functional status, length of stay, and discharge to home.
conclusionsOur findings provide evidence of geographic differences in outcomes and potential disparities in care of TBI patients who received IRF care. More research is needed to identify TBI patients at risk for poor discharge outcomes to inform development and testing of interventions to reduce disparities in outcomes for these patients.
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