ArticleJournal of neuroinflammation2020
Rh-relaxin-2 attenuates degranulation of mast cells by inhibiting NF-κB through PI3K-AKT/TNFAIP3 pathway in an experimental germinal matrix hemorrhage rat model.
Article in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diet-Driven Microglial Activation: Region-Specific Neuroinflammation in the Mouse Brain.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- The Breakdown of Neurovascular Barriers: Molecular Mechanisms of Tight Junction Dysfunction.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Transcriptome of monocytes from liver, brain and bone marrow reveals organ-specific features in aging and alcohol misuse.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2025Article
- The role of relaxins in blood cell modulation: interactions with relaxin family peptide receptor 1 (RXFP1) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR).Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2025Review
- Rh-relaxin-2 attenuates oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis via ERK-nNOS-NO pathway after germinal matrix hemorrhage in rats.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2025Article
- Pharmacological Strategies and Surgical Management of Posthemorrhagic Hydrocephalus Following Germinal Matrix-Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Preterm Infants.Current neuropharmacology · 2025Review
- Article
- Genetic and molecular mechanisms of hydrocephalus.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2024Review
- Relaxin Affects Airway Remodeling Genes Expression through Various Signal Pathways Connected with Transcription Factors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- ER Stress is Involved in Mast Cells Degranulation via IRE1α/miR-125/Lyn Pathway in an Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage Mouse Model.Neurochemical research · 2022Article
- Evaluation of pharmacological activities and active components inFrontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Adiponectin Ameliorates GMH-Induced Brain Injury by Regulating Microglia M1/M2 PolarizationFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Effects of Upregulation of TNFAIP3 on Diabetic Neuropathic Pain in Mice.Disease markers · 2021Article
- Germinal Matrix-Intraventricular Hemorrhage of the Preterm Newborn and Preclinical Models: Inflammatory Considerations.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMast cells play an important role in early immune reactions in the brain by degranulation and the consequent inflammatory response. Our aim of the study is to investigate the effects of rh-relaxin-2 on mast cells and the underlying mechanisms in a germinal matrix hemorrhage (GMH) rat model.
methodsOne hundred seventy-three P7 rat pups were subjected to GMH by an intraparenchymal injection of bacterial collagenase. Clodronate liposome was administered through intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injections 24 h prior to GMH to inhibit microglia. Rh-relaxin-2 was administered intraperitoneally at 1 h and 13 h after GMH. Small interfering RNA of RXFP1 and PI3K inhibitor LY294002 were given by i.c.v. injection. Post-GMH evaluation included neurobehavioral function, Western blot analysis, immunofluorescence, Nissl staining, and toluidine blue staining.
resultsOur results demonstrated that endogenous relaxin-2 was downregulated and that RXFP1 level peaked on the first day after GMH. Administration of rh-relaxin-2 improved neurological functions, attenuated degranulation of mast cells and neuroinflammation, and ameliorated post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH) after GMH. These effects were associated with RXFP1 activation, increased expression of PI3K, phosphorylated AKT and TNFAIP3, and decreased levels of phosphorylated NF-κB, tryptase, chymase, IL-6, and TNF-α. However, knockdown of RXFP1 and PI3K inhibition abolished the protective effects of rh-relaxin-2.
conclusionsOur findings showed that rh-relaxin-2 attenuated degranulation of mast cells and neuroinflammation, improved neurological outcomes, and ameliorated hydrocephalus after GMH through RXFP1/PI3K-AKT/TNFAIP3/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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