ArticleThe ocular surface2020
Association of meibomian gland morphology with symptoms and signs of dry eye disease in the Dry Eye Assessment and Management (DREAM) study.
Article in The ocular surface, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Diagnostic methods for managing dry eyes.World journal of methodology · 2025Article
- AI driven quantitative analysis of meibomian glands in children and adolescents: a benchmark dataset study.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2025Article
- Impact of definition of meibomian gland dysfunction on the frequency of MGD in dry eye disease from the DREAM© study.Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association · 2025Article
- Development and multicenter validation of an AI driven model for quantitative meibomian gland evaluation.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
- A modular and adaptable approach for automated morphological feature extraction in meibography images.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- A machine learning approach to predicting dry eye-related signs, symptoms and diagnoses from meibography images.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Meibomian Gland Dysfunction Clinical Practice Guidelines.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Impacts of gender and age on meibomian gland in aged people using artificial intelligence.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Article
- Ocular surface disturbance in patients after acute COVID-19.Clinical & experimental ophthalmology · 2022Article
- 2D Short-Time Fourier Transform for local morphological analysis of meibomian gland images.PloS one · 2022Article
- Comparative of meibomian gland morphology in patients with evaporative dry eye disease versus non-dry eye disease.Scientific reports · 2021Article
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8 authors.
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Abstract
purposeTo describe associations between symptoms and signs of dry eye disease (DED) and meibomian gland (MG) morphology.
methodsCross-sectional study utilizing data from the Dry Eye Assessment and Management (DREAM) Study. Readers graded MG features in the middle third of upper and lower lids on infrared meibography images. Associations with signs and symptoms of DED were evaluated with adjustment for age and sex.
resultsAmong 268 patients, no MG features were associated with symptom scores (p > 0.08). Among 394 upper eyelids, better tear break-up times (<2, >2- <3.2and ≥ 3.2 s) were associated with more tortuous glands (mean (SD) 0.58(0.95), 0.83(1.2) and 1.14 (1.4), p = 0.01) and with higher scores on a composite score of MG features (21.90 (9.76), 23.29 (9.50), 26.26 (10.27); p = 0.02). Longer Schirmer test wetting lengths (0-5, >5-10, and >10 mm) were associated with increasing composite scores (22.02 (9.29), 23.80 (10.34), 24.96 (9.96), p = 0.03). Patients with Sjogren syndrome compared to other patients had fewer distorted MGs (mean 3.4 (2.3) vs 4.3 (2.3), p = 0.03) and fewer ghost glands (mean 0.33 (0.88) vs 0.89 (1.8), p = 0.006) in the upper lid.
conclusionIn the DREAM study, most MG morphologic features were not associated with the severity of DED symptoms or signs. Tortuous glands and a higher composite score for MG features were associated with longer tear break-up times and longer Schirmer test length in the upper eyelid only. Patients with Sjogren syndrome had fewer distorted and ghost glands.
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