ArticleThe Journal of infection2020
Disparities in the excess risk of mortality in the first wave of COVID-19: Cross sectional study of the English sentinel network.
Article in The Journal of infection, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review of racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in COVID-19.International journal for equity in health · 2021Pooled it
- Racial disparities in COVID-19 pandemic cases, hospitalisations, and deaths: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of global health · 2021Pooled it
- Indirect effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiovascular diseases incidence, mortality, and healthcare use among patients with hypertension but without SARS-CoV-2 infection in Hong Kong: an interrupted time series analysis.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Article
- Mortality from angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers in people infected with COVID-19: a cohort study of 3.7 million people.Family practice · 2023Article
- Risk of Covid-19 Severe Outcomes and Mortality in Migrants and Ethnic Minorities Compared to the General Population in the European WHO Region: a Systematic Review.Journal of international migration and integration · 2023Article
- Differences in Clinical Presentation With Long COVID After Community and Hospital Infection and Associations With All-Cause Mortality: English Sentinel Network Database Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2022Article
- Bioavailable testosterone level is associated with COVID-19 severity in female: A sex-stratified Mendelian randomization study.The Journal of infection · 2022Article
- [First wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Navarre, Spain, February-June 2020].Anales del sistema sanitario de Navarra · 2022Article
- Article
- Association between living in municipalities with high crowding conditions and poverty and mortality from COVID-19 in Mexico.PloS one · 2022Article
- Factors associated with excess all-cause mortality in the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK: A time series analysis using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink.PLoS medicine · 2022Article
- General and COVID-19-Related Mortality by Pre-Existing Chronic Conditions and Care Setting during 2020 in Emilia-Romagna Region, Italy.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Readdressing the Needs of Cancer Survivors During COVID-19: A Path Forward.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2021Article
- The impact of primary care supported shielding on the risk of mortality in people vulnerable to COVID-19: English sentinel network matched cohort study.The Journal of infection · 2021Article
- Primary Care Informatics Response to Covid-19 Pandemic: Adaptation, Progress, and Lessons from Four Countries with High ICT Development.Yearbook of medical informatics · 2021Article
- The Impact of COVID-19 on Smoking Behaviours and Support for Smoke-Free Zones in Saudi Arabia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Disproportionate impact of SARS-CoV-2 on ethnic minority and frontline healthcare workers: A cross-sectional seroprevalence survey at a North London hospital.The Journal of infection · 2021Article
- Impact of COVID-19 preventive measures on other infectious and non-infectious respiratory diseases in Pakistan.The Journal of infection · 2021Article
- The spatio-temporal distribution of COVID-19 infection in England between January and June 2020.Epidemiology and infection · 2021Article
- Association Between Blood Pressure Control and Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outcomes in 45 418 Symptomatic Patients With Hypertension: An Observational Cohort Study.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2021Observational
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25 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesFew studies report contributors to the excess mortality in England during the first wave of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. We report the absolute excess risk (AER) of mortality and excess mortality rate (EMR) from a nationally representative COVID-19 sentinel surveillance network including known COVID-19 risk factors in people aged 45 years and above.
methodsPseudonymised, coded clinical data were uploaded from contributing primary care providers (N = 1,970,314, ≥45years). We calculated the AER in mortality by comparing mortality for weeks 2 to 20 this year with mortality data from the Office for National Statistics (ONS) from 2018 for the same weeks. We conducted univariate and multivariate analysis including preselected variables. We report AER and EMR, with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).
resultsThe AER of mortality was 197.8/10,000 person years (95%CI:194.30-201.40). The EMR for male gender, compared with female, was 1.4 (95%CI:1.35-1.44, p<0.00); for our oldest age band (≥75 years) 10.09 (95%CI:9.46-10.75, p<0.00) compared to 45-64 year olds; Black ethnicity's EMR was 1.17 (95%CI: 1.03-1.33, p<0.02), reference white; and for dwellings with ≥9 occupants 8.01 (95%CI: 9.46-10.75, p<0.00). Presence of all included comorbidities significantly increased EMR. Ranked from lowest to highest these were: hypertension, chronic kidney disease, chronic respiratory and heart disease, and cancer or immunocompromised.
conclusionsThe absolute excess mortality was approximately 2 deaths per 100 person years in the first wave of COVID-19. More personalised shielding advice for any second wave should include ethnicity, comorbidity and household size as predictors of risk.
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