Trial reportPhysiological reports2020
Effect of menopausal hormone therapy on proteins associated with senescence and inflammation.
Trial report in Physiological reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- GDF-15 levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome treated with metformin: a combined clinical and in silico pathway analysis.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Trial
- Effect of menopausal hormone therapy on proteins associated with senescence and inflammation.Physiological reports · 2020Trial
- Circulating cell type senescence signatures track distinct dimensions of health status and trajectories in human longitudinal cohorts.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Gdf15 expression in thermogenic adipocytes regulates diet-induced weight gain in a sex-dependent manner.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Postbiotics as Emerging Strategy Targeting Obesity- and Aging-Related Breast Cancer-Prospects in Prophylaxis and Therapy.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Circulating Cell Type Senescence Signatures Reveal High-Resolution Health Status and Trajectories in Human Longitudinal Studies.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Evaluation of risk promoting effects for age-related macular degeneration by estradiol.PloS one · 2026Article
- Biopsychosocial correlates of resting and stress-reactive salivary GDF15: preliminary findings.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Sex steroid hormones drive dimorphic responses in GDF15-deficient mouse models of cardiometabolic diseases.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Nonlinear Dynamics of TNFR1 and TNFR2 Expression on Immune Cells: Genetic and Age-Related Aspects of Inflamm-Aging Mechanisms.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Review
- Inflammaging: triggers, molecular mechanisms, immunological consequences, sex differences, and cutaneous manifestations.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- A Multicenter Study for Establishing Reference Intervals of Serum GDF-15 Levels Based on the Chinese Population.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Associations Among Estrogens, the Gut Microbiome and Osteoporosis.Current osteoporosis reports · 2024Review
- Growth differentiation factor 15 and malnutrition in older adults.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2024Article
- Failure of senolytic treatment to prevent cognitive decline in a female rodent model of aging.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Article
- Interindividual differences contribute to variation in microbiota composition more than hormonal status: A prospective study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Menopausal Transition: Prospective Study of Estrogen Status, Circulating MicroRNAs, and Biomarkers of Bone Metabolism.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEstrogen may inhibit cell senescence that contributes to age-related disorders. This study determined the effects of menopausal hormone treatments on circulating levels of markers of cell senescence.
methodsGrowth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1), FAS, and macrophage inflammatory protein 1α (MIP1α) were measured in serum using multiplexed bead-based assays and compared among menopausal women participating in the Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study randomized to either placebo (n = 38), oral conjugated equine estrogen (oCEE, n = 37), or transdermal 17β-estradiol (tE2, n = 34). Serum levels of the senescent markers for each treatment were compared to placebo 36 months after randomization using the Wilcoxon rank sum test.
resultsSerum levels of GDF15, TNFR1, and FAS, but not MIP1α, were lower in both the oCEE and tE2 groups compared to placebo. The difference in levels between treatment and placebo for GDF15, TNFR1, and FAS were greater for oCEE [-108 pg/mL (p = .008), -234 pg/mL (p = .0006), and -1374 pg/mL (p < .0001), respectively] than for tE2 [-76 pg/mL (p = .072), -105 pg/mL (p = .076), and -695 pg/mL (p = .036), respectively]. Additionally, TNFR1 showed a positive association with time past menopause (correlation = 0.255, p = .019).
conclusionsCirculating levels of some markers of cell senescence were lower in menopausal women treated with oCEE and tE2 compared to placebo. Differences in the magnitude of effect of the two active treatments may reflect the differences in circulating levels of estrogen metabolites due to formulation and mode of delivery. These data generate new hypotheses with regard to the effects of menopause on the biology of aging.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.