ArticleCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology2020
Independent and Joint Associations between Serum Calcium, 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D, and the Risk of Primary Liver Cancer: A Prospective Nested Case-Control Study.
Article in Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and risk of overall and site-specific cancers in Korean adults: results from two prospective cohort studies.Nutrition journal · 2025Article
- Relationships between serum iron and liver diseases in nutrition intervention trials: A nested case-control study.Cancer epidemiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAccumulating evidence has shown that serum calcium and vitamin D may be associated with or influence various cancer risks. However, no prospective studies have evaluated the independent and joint associations between prediagnostic levels of serum calcium and vitamin D and future risk of incident primary liver cancer.
methodsWe used a nested case-control design to evaluate subjects over 22 years of follow-up. Serum calcium, 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D], and three markers of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus were measured in baseline serum from 226 incident primary liver cancer cases and 1,061 matched controls. We calculated ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using logistic regression to estimate the associations between calcium, 25(OH)D, and primary liver cancer risk.
resultsMultivariable adjusted models showed that subjects with both low (OR
conclusionsIn a nutrient-deficient population, we found that serum calcium and serum 25(OH)D could potentially be modifiable risk or protective factors. IMPACT: Our findings provide potential targets for primary liver cancer prevention and control.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.