ArticleOncogene2020
miR-21a in exosomes from Lewis lung carcinoma cells accelerates tumor growth through targeting PDCD4 to enhance expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells.
Article in Oncogene, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exosome-mediated siRNA delivery in cancer: Loading strategies, targeting approaches, and therapeutic outcomes.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2026Review
- Advances in miRNA-Mediated Bidirectional Crosstalk and Immune Evasion Mechanisms Between Lung Cancer Cells and CD8International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- [Research Progress on Molecular Mechanisms and Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Spinal Organotropic Metastasis in Lung Adenocarcinoma].Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer · 2026Review
- Exosomes promote pre-metastatic niche formation in lung cancer.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- Unraveling the molecular-pathological characteristics and cellular complexity of the tumor immune microenvironment in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Review
- Exosomal miRNAs: Key Regulators of the Tumor Microenvironment and Cancer Stem Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Noncoding RNA-Mediated Regulation of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Cancer.Cancer management and research · 2025Review
- Harnessing EVs-ncRNA for Lung Cancer: From Oncogenic Pathways to Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategies.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Extracellular vesicles in cancers: mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic strategies.MedComm · 2024Review
- Exosome therapeutics for non-small cell lung cancer tumorigenesis.Cancer cell international · 2024Review
- The expansion of MDSCs induced by exosomal PD-L1 promotes the progression of gastric cancer.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- Converting "cold" to "hot": epigenetics strategies to improve immune therapy effect by regulating tumor-associated immune suppressive cells.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2024Review
- Senescent Macrophages Release Inflammatory Cytokines and RNA-Loaded Extracellular Vesicles to Circumvent Fibroblast Senescence.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Tumorigenic and tumoricidal properties of exosomes in cancers; a forward look.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- Extracellular vesicles remodel tumor environment for cancer immunotherapy.Molecular cancer · 2023Review
- Extracellular vesicle-based liquid biopsy biomarkers and their application in precision immuno-oncology.Biomarker research · 2023Review
- Exosome nanovesicles as potential biomarkers and immune checkpoint signaling modulators in lung cancer microenvironment: recent advances and emerging concepts.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2023Review
- Tumor-derived nanoseeds condition the soil for metastatic organotropism.Seminars in cancer biology · 2023Review
- Landscape of tumor and immune system cells-derived exosomes in lung cancer: mediators of antitumor immunity regulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Jianpi Yangzheng Xiaozheng decoction alleviates gastric cancer progression via suppressing exosomal PD-L1.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In patients with lung cancer, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have been reported to be significantly increased. Tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs) from various cancers played a critical role in MDSC induction. However, studies on the molecular mechanism underlying MDSC expansion induced by exosomes from lung cancer cells are still limited. In this study, we demonstrated that LLC-Exo accelerated tumor growth along with a significant accumulation of MDSCs in mouse tumor model. miRNA profiling showed that miR-21a was enriched in LLC-Exo. The depletion of miR-21a in LLC-Exo leads to the loss of their ability to induce MDSC expansion. Further results showed that miR-21a of LLC-Exo induced MDSC expansion via downregulation of the programmed cell death protein 4 (PDCD4) protein. The results of gain-and loss-of-function experiments validated that PDCD4 function as a critical inhibitor to negatively regulate expansion of MDSCs via inhibition Il-6 production in bone marrow cells. In addition, our data showed that exosomes derived from human lung cancer cell lines expressing miR-21a, also induced expansion of MDSCs in human CD14
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.