ArticleMalaria journal2020
Comparative evaluation of two commercial real-time PCR kits (QuantiFast™ and abTES™) for the detection of Plasmodium knowlesi and other Plasmodium species in Sabah, Malaysia.
Article in Malaria journal, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Head-to-head evaluation of a commercial real-time PCR assay targeting plasmodial species causing human malaria against a composite reference standard.European journal of microbiology & immunology · 2026Article
- G6PD variants but not Filipino beta-thalassemia are associated with reduced risk of Plasmodium knowlesi infection in Sabah, Malaysia.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- Comparative immunological study of Plasmodium knowlesi infections in humans and macaques: insights into cytokine dynamics.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Improved limit of detection for zoonotic Plasmodium knowlesi and P. cynomolgi surveillance using reverse transcription for total nucleic acid preserved samples or dried blood spots.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Plasmodium cynomolgi Infections Not Found in Microscopy-Diagnosed Malaria Cases across Sabah, Malaysia.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Article
- Neutrophil activation, acute lung injury and disease severity in Plasmodium knowlesi malaria.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Improved limit of detection for zoonoticmedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Universal two-dimensional labelled probe-mediated melting curve analysis based on multiplex PCR for rapid typing of Plasmodium in a single closed tube.Microbial biotechnology · 2023Article
- Evaluation of a point-of-care haemozoin assay (Gazelle device) for rapid detection of Plasmodium knowlesi malaria.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Laboratory evaluation of the miniature direct-on-blood PCR nucleic acid lateral flow immunoassay (mini-dbPCR-NALFIA), a simplified molecular diagnostic test for Plasmodium.Malaria journal · 2023Article
- Plasmodium vivax malaria serological exposure markers: Assessing the degree and implications of cross-reactivity with P. knowlesi.Cell reports. Medicine · 2022Article
- Diagnostic performance of a 5-plex malaria immunoassay in regions co-endemic for Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, P. knowlesi, P. malariae and P. ovale.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Diagnostic accuracy and limit of detection of ten malaria parasite lactate dehydrogenase-based rapid tests forFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- An Optimized Real-Time qPCR Method for the Effective Detection of Human Malaria Infections.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Plasmodium knowlesi detection methods for human infections-Diagnosis and surveillance.Advances in parasitology · 2021Article
- Molecular diagnosis of infectious parasites in the post-COVID-19 era.Tropical parasitologyArticle
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe monkey parasite Plasmodium knowlesi is an emerging public health issue in Southeast Asia. In Sabah, Malaysia, P. knowlesi is now the dominant cause of human malaria. Molecular detection methods for P. knowlesi are essential for accurate diagnosis and in monitoring progress towards malaria elimination of other Plasmodium species. However, recent commercially available PCR malaria kits have unpublished P. knowlesi gene targets or have not been evaluated against clinical samples.
methodsTwo real-time PCR methods currently used in Sabah for confirmatory malaria diagnosis and surveillance reporting were evaluated: the QuantiFast™ Multiplex PCR kit (Qiagen, Germany) targeting the P. knowlesi 18S SSU rRNA; and the abTES™ Malaria 5 qPCR II kit (AITbiotech, Singapore), with an undisclosed P. knowlesi gene target. Diagnostic accuracy was evaluated using 52 P. knowlesi, 25 Plasmodium vivax, 21 Plasmodium falciparum, and 10 Plasmodium malariae clinical isolates, and 26 malaria negative controls, and compared against a validated reference nested PCR assay. The limit of detection (LOD) for each PCR method and Plasmodium species was also evaluated.
resultsThe sensitivity of the QuantiFast™ and abTES™ assays for detecting P. knowlesi was comparable at 98.1% (95% CI 89.7-100) and 100% (95% CI 93.2-100), respectively. Specificity of the QuantiFast™ and abTES™ for P. knowlesi was high at 98.8% (95% CI 93.4-100) for both assays. The QuantiFast™ assay demonstrated falsely-positive mixed Plasmodium species at low parasitaemias in both the primary and LOD analysis. Diagnostic accuracy of both PCR kits for detecting P. vivax, P. falciparum, and P. malariae was comparable to P. knowlesi. The abTES™ assay demonstrated a lower LOD for P. knowlesi of ≤ 0.125 parasites/µL compared to QuantiFast™ with a LOD of 20 parasites/µL. Hospital microscopy demonstrated a sensitivity of 78.8% (95% CI 65.3-88.9) and specificity of 80.4% (95% CI 67.6-89.8) compared to reference PCR for detecting P. knowlesi.
conclusionThe QuantiFast™ and abTES™ commercial PCR kits performed well for the accurate detection of P. knowlesi infections. Although the QuantiFast™ kit is cheaper, the abTES™ kit demonstrated a lower LOD, supporting its use as a second-line referral-laboratory diagnostic tool in Sabah, Malaysia.
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