ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2020
The Influence of Shape Changing Behaviors from 4D Printing through Material Extrusion Print Patterns and Infill Densities.
Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Additive Manufacturing of Shape-Changing Printlets via Powder-Based Extrusion 3D Printing of Natural Cellulose and Polyvinyl Alcohol.Polymers · 2026Article
- Rational Design and Functionalization of Melt Electrowritten 4D Scaffolds for Biomedical Applications.Nano-micro letters · 2026Review
- Effect of hybrid fibre reinforcement and rubber aggregates on the flexural performance of reinforced concrete beams.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Controlling Morphing Behavior in 4D Printing: A Review About Microstructure and Macrostructure Changes in Polylactic Acid.3D printing and additive manufacturing · 2023Review
- Temperature and Infill Density Effects on Thermal, Mechanical and Shape Memory Properties of Polylactic Acid/Poly(ε-caprolactone) Blends for 4D Printing.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Special Issue "Design and Application of Additive Manufacturing".Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- 3D Printing of Polymeric Bioresorbable Stents: A Strategy to Improve Both Cellular Compatibility and Mechanical Properties.Polymers · 2022Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Four-dimensional printing (4DP) is an approach of using Shape Memory Materials (SMMs) with additive manufacturing (AM) processes to produce printed parts that can deform over a determined amount of time. This research examines how Polylactic Acid (PLA), as a Shape Memory Polymer (SMP), can be programmed by manipulating the build parameters of material extrusion. In this research, a water bath experiment was used to show the results of the shape-recovery of bending and shape-recovery speed of the printed parts, according to the influence of the print pattern, infill density and recovery temperature (Tr). In terms of the influence of the print pattern, the 'Quarter-cubic' pattern with a 100% infill density showed the best recovery result; and the 'Line' pattern with a 20% infill density showed the worst recovery result. The 'Cubic-subdivision' pattern with a 20% infill density demonstrated the shortest recovery time; and the 'Concentric' pattern with a 100% infill density demonstrated the longest recovery time. The results also showed that a high temperature and high infill density provided better recovery, and a low temperature and low infill density resulted in poor recovery.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.