ReviewFoods (Basel, Switzerland)2020
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Food Safety and Hygiene Training on Food Handlers.
Review in Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of household food safety and hygiene practices and their determinants in Africa.BMC nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Food safety practice and associated factors in public food establishments of Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- Food Safety Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Among University Students in Rajasthan, India: A Cross-Sectional Study.Public health challenges · 2026Article
- Turn-Key Protocols for Food Safety Culture Improvement: A Narrative on Theory and Best Practice.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Healthy Public Policy Must Build Capacity: Analysing the Implementation of 3.2.2A, Australia's New Food Safety Standard.Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals · 2026Article
- Does Job Role Matter? Food Safety Knowledge and Training Effectiveness Among Food Handlers in Collective Catering.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Evaluating hygienic practices in cattle slaughterhouses and beef retail shops in Sidama region, Ethiopia: implications for public health.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Assessment of food hygiene knowledge and practices among food handlers in Ondo West Local Government Area, Ondo State, Nigeria.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- On-job training program for food handlers about food safety standards.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Determinants of Street Food Hygiene Practices and the Effectiveness of Interventions for Vendors and Consumers in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Protocol for a Scoping Review.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Assessment of food safety knowledge, attitudes, and self-reported practices among secondary school students in Bangladesh: A geographic information system-based cross-sectional study.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Food Safety in the Catering Sector: Nonconformities, Challenges, and Strategic Interventions With Insights From South Asia and Africa.Food science & nutrition · 2026Review
- A longitudinal quantitative study of the effects of training on food handlers' hygiene knowledge and practices in the National School Nutrition Programme, Western Cape, South Africa.Health SA = SA Gesondheid · 2026Article
- Hygiene knowledge and practices in the Lagos wild meat value chain: Cultural influences, regulatory gaps, and infrastructure needs.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- An Assessment of Sociodemographic Factors, Attitude, Knowledge, and Practices of the Elderly's Caregivers with Respect to Elderly Food Safety.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Applying a systems thinking approach to evaluating the effectiveness of Africa's foodborne disease surveillance systems.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Socioeconomic Determinants of Campylobacter spp. and Non-Typhoidal Salmonella spp. Infections in Ontario, Canada, 2015-2017: An Ecological Study.Zoonoses and public health · 2025Article
- Assessment of food safety awareness and hygiene practices among food handlers in Almaty, Kazakhstan.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Redesigning Food Handler Training: A Gamified Approach Tested in Italy's Large-Scale Retail.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Assessment of Food Safety Knowledge and Practices Among Medical Students.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Foodborne diseases are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Studies have shown that the knowledge, attitude, and practices of food handlers are important factors in preventing foodborne illness. The purpose of this research is to assess the effects of training interventions on knowledge, attitude, and practice on food safety and hygiene among food handlers at different stages of the food supply chain. To this end, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis with close adherence to the PRISMA guidelines. We searched for training interventions among food handlers in five databases. Randomized control trials (RCT), quasi-RCTs, controlled before-after, and nonrandomized designs, including pre-post studies, were analyzed to allow a more comprehensive assessment. The meta-analysis was conducted using the random-effects model to calculate the effect sizes (Hedges's g) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Out of 1094 studies, 31 were included. Results showed an effect size of 1.24 (CI = 0.89-1.58) for knowledge, an attitude effect size of 0.28 (CI = 0.07-0.48), and an overall practice effect size of 0.65 (CI = 0.24-1.06). In addition, subgroups of self-reported practices and observed practices presented effect sizes of 0.80 (CI = 0.13-1.48) and 0.45 (CI = 0.15-0.76) respectively.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.