ArticleMMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report2020
Nonfatal Drug and Polydrug Overdoses Treated in Emergency Departments - 29 States, 2018-2019.
Article in MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- The therapeutic effects of psychedelics for opioid use disorder: A systematic review of clinical studies.Psychiatry research · 2025Pooled it
- Higher prevalence of non-fatal overdose with opioid and stimulant use compared to use of opioids alone.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2026Article
- Latent Class Analysis of Substance Use Behaviors and Associations of Class Membership With Gender Affirmation, Social Determinants of Health, and HIV Status Among Transfeminine Adults in the Eastern and Southern United States.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2026Article
- Developing Longitudinal Post-Overdose Care: A Call to Action.Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology · 2026Article
- Polydrug overdose mortality caused by synthetic opioids and stimulants: current sex- and age-specific trajectories in United States national data for 2018-2024.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of the relationship between opioid exposure and dopaminergic measures in humans assessed by nuclear medicine imaging.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Benzodiazepine Co-Exposure Among Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department With a Confirmed Opioid Overdose.Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine · 2026Observational
- A Comparative Analysis of Opioid Overdose Hospitalizations Pre- and Post-Pandemic: Insights from the National Inpatient Sample Database.Journal of community hospital internal medicine perspectives · 2026Article
- Improving Policy Evaluations Of The Opioid Crisis.Health affairs (Project Hope) · 2025Article
- Fentanyl Polysubstance Use Patterns and Their Associations With Hepatitis C Virus, Skin and Soft Tissue Infections, and Non-Fatal Overdose Among People Who Inject Drugs in New York City.Drug and alcohol review · 2025Article
- Article
- Trends in and characteristics of drug overdose morbidity among pregnant and postpartum individuals in California, 2010-2018.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Means to an end: Characteristics and follow-up of emergency department patients with a history of suicide attempt via medication overdose.Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine · 2025Article
- Substance Use Monitoring Among People Who Use Drugs Using a Novel Assay to Test Dried Blood Spot Specimens.Substance use & misuse · 2025Article
- Overlapping Hepatic and Neurological Toxicity Following Intentional Multidrug Poisoning with Acetaminophen, Metoclopramide, and Metronidazole: A Case Report.Clinical medicine insights. Case reports · 2025Article
- Evaluation of an emergency department-based approach to reduce subsequent opioid overdoses.Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open · 2024Article
- Are you thinking what I'm thinking? Defining what we mean by "polysubstance use."The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse · 2024Article
- Feasibility and acceptability of a timeline follow-back method to assess opioid use, non-fatal overdose, and substance use disorder treatment.Addictive behaviors · 2024Article
- Minnesota Data Sharing May Be Model For Near-Real-Time Tracking Of Drug Overdose Hospital And ED Trends.Health affairs (Project Hope) · 2023Article
- Associations between prescription stimulant use as prescribed, nonmedical use, and illicit stimulant use among adults evaluated for substance use treatment, 2017-2021.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The U.S. drug overdose epidemic continues to cause substantial morbidity and mortality. In 2017, 967,615 nonfatal drug overdoses were treated in emergency departments (EDs), a 4.3% increase from 2016 in all overdoses and a 3.1% increase in opioid-involved overdoses (1). During 2017 and 2018, syndromic surveillance revealed that 37.2% of overdoses treated in EDs in 18 states involved multiple drugs (2). To describe changes in rates and proportions of suspected nonfatal drug and polydrug overdoses treated in EDs, CDC analyzed syndromic surveillance data from 2018 to 2019 in 29 states. Rates of overdoses involving opioids, cocaine, and amphetamines increased 9.7%, 11.0%, and 18.3%, respectively, and the rate of benzodiazepine-involved overdoses decreased 3.0%. Overdoses co-involving opioids and amphetamines increased from 2018 to 2019, overall, in both sexes, and in most age groups. In 2019, 23.6%, 17.1%, and 18.7% of overdoses involving cocaine, amphetamine, and benzodiazepines, respectively, also involved opioids. Expanding overdose prevention, treatment, and response efforts is needed to reduce the number of drug and polydrug overdoses. This includes linkage into treatment, harm reduction services, and community-based programs for persons who use drugs; expanding overdose prevention efforts, including increased naloxone provision, to persons who use stimulants; addressing the illicit drug supply; and identifying specific risk factors for populations using these drugs. Continued surveillance with expanded coverage of additional jurisdictions of the evolving drug overdose epidemic is important to the success of these efforts.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.