SynthesisFrontiers in pediatrics2020
Association of Low Birth Weight and Premature Birth With the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of prenatal multiple micronutrient supplementation compared with iron and folic acid supplementation on size at birth and subsequent growth through 24 mo of age: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Association between pregnancy-related complications and development of type 2 diabetes and hypertension in women: an umbrella review.BMC medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of size at birth on health, growth and developmental outcomes in children up to age 18: an umbrella review.Archives of disease in childhood · 2023Pooled it
- Glucose-regulatory hormones and growth in very preterm infants fed fortified human milk.Pediatric research · 2024Trial
- A nomogram integrating dynamic total bile acid monitoring, medication history, and curative effect for preterm birth prediction in twin pregnancies with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- A prospective study of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), stress, and birth size in a cohort of U.S. Black women.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2026Article
- Risks of cardiometabolic diseases in women with history of adverse pregnancy outcomes.Journal of human hypertension · 2026Review
- Interaction of intrauterine Zika virus exposure on the relationship between body adiposity and dyslipidemia in school-aged children.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Mediating Effect of Infant Rapid Weight Gain on the Association Between Exclusive Breastfeeding and the Risk of Obesity Later in Life.Pediatric obesity · 2025Observational
- The impact of maternal oral microbiota on the risk of small vulnerable newborns: a nested case-control study.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Neonatal intermittent hypoxemia events are associated with later systemic hypertension.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- Fetal programming of early-onset type 2 diabetes: a Swedish nationwide cohort and sibling analysis.European journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Maternal urinary concentrations of bisphenol A during pregnancy and birth size in children from the Odense Child Cohort.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2025Article
- 2025 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2025Review
- The growth diversity of preterm infants at 0-36 months corrected age in China: a real-world observational study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Article
- Maternal probiotic supplementation protects against PBDE-induced developmental, behavior and metabolic reprogramming in a sexually dimorphic manner: Role of gut microbiome.Archives of toxicology · 2025Article
- Low Birth Weight and Related Metabolic Risk Factors, Cardio-Respiratory Fitness and Physical Activity in Adolescents.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Children born to subfertile couples, how are they doing? Evidence from research.Archives of disease in childhood · 2024Review
- Developmental Origins of Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases: Role of Fetal Undernutrition and Gut Dysbiosis in Infancy.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The association of preterm or low birth weight (LBW) with the risk of metabolic syndrome is still unclear. This study aimed to assess the association between preterm or LBW and metabolic syndrome risk according to study or participants' characteristics. PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE were searched for epidemiologic studies on the association published up to April 30, 2020. Pooled odds ratio (ORs) and weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the random-effects model. Low birth weight was associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome (OR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.17-1.61). In the subgroup analysis by study design, the pooled ORs for LBW and metabolic syndrome in the cohort and cross-sectional studies were 1.79 and 1.22. In the subgroup analysis by sex, LBW was found to be associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome in pooled studies including both men and women or studies including only women. The association between premature birth and risk of metabolic syndrome was significant in cohort studies (OR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.12-2.65). Also, LBW or preterm was significantly associated with a higher Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (WMD, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.19-0.36). Low birth weight and preterm might be risk factors for metabolic syndrome.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.