ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2020
Target Analysis and Mechanism of Podophyllotoxin in the Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.
Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Multi-Target Biological Activities of Podophyllotoxin-Derived Natural Products.Oncology research · 2025Review
- Review
- Podophyllic Aldehyde, a Podophyllotoxin Derivate, Elicits Different Cell Cycle Profiles Depending on the Tumor Cell Line: A Systematic Proteomic Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of SSE1806, a Microtubule Destabilizer That Overcomes Multidrug Resistance.ACS medicinal chemistry letters · 2023Article
- Deubiquitylase YOD1 regulates CDK1 stability and drives triple-negative breast cancer tumorigenesis.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2023Article
- The network pharmacology study and molecular docking to investigate the potential mechanism of Acoritataninowii Rhizoma against Alzheimer's Disease.Metabolic brain disease · 2023Article
- p53 directly downregulates the expression of CDC20 to exert anti-tumor activity in mantle cell lymphoma.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2023Article
- Targeting Apoptotic Pathway of Cancer Cells with Phytochemicals and Plant-Based Nanomaterials.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Z-Guggulsterone Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis by Targeting the p53/CCNB1/PLK1 Pathway in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.ACS omega · 2023Article
- Podophyllotoxin Induces ROS-Mediated Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells via p38 MAPK Signaling.Biomolecules & therapeutics · 2021Article
- A network pharmacology study with molecular docking to investigate the possibility of licorice against posttraumatic stress disorder.Metabolic brain disease · 2021Article
- Insight Into the Molecular Mechanism of Podophyllotoxin Derivatives as Anticancer Drugs.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAs the original compound of many podophyllotoxin derivatives, podophyllotoxin has a beneficial antitumor effect. The mechanism of podophyllotoxin activity in triple-negative breast cancer still needs to be explored.
methodsWe used cell proliferation assay, scratch and transwell experiments, and cell cycle and apoptosis analyses to observe the intervention effect of podophyllotoxin on breast cancer. Furthermore, we analyzed the differences between GSE31448, GSE65194, and GSE45827 in the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO) and explored the differential genes using a STRING database. Centiscape2.2, MCODE cluster analysis and KEGG pathway analysis were used to identify the most significant gene differences. Next, we utilized BATMAN-TCM and TCMSP databases for further screening to identify key genes. Finally, quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting were performed to detect the expression of key targets.
resultsOur research confirmed that podophyllotoxin could not only inhibit the migration and invasion of triple-negative breast cancer but also affect the cell cycle and induce apoptosis. In total, 566 differential genes were obtained by using the GEO database. After topological network analysis, cluster analysis, and molecular docking screening, we finally identified PLK1, CCDC20, and CDK1 as key target genes. The results of the qRT-PCR assay showed that the mRNA levels of PLK1, CDC20, and CDK1 decreased, while the expression of upstream P53 increased, after drug induction. The Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and conetwork analysis showed that PLK1 is a more critical regulatory factor. Further Western blotting analysis revealed that there was a negative regulatory relationship between the key gene PLK1 and P53 on the protein level. The results were presented as the mean ± standard deviation of triplicate experiments and P<0.05 was considered to indicate a statistically significant difference.
conclusionPodophyllotoxin has an intervention effect on the development of triple-negative breast cancer. The expression of PLK1, CDC20, and CDK1 in the cell cycle pathway is inhibited by regulating P53. Our research shows that natural drugs inhibit tumor activity by regulating the expression of cyclins, and the combination of natural drugs and modern extensive database analysis has a wide range of potential applications in the development of antitumor therapies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.