Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32848390›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of nanomedicine2020

Solid Lipid Nanoparticles of Mycophenolate Mofetil: An Attempt to Control the Release of an Immunosuppressant.

Asma Iqbal, Muhammad Zaman, Muhammad Wahab Amjad, Sharjeel Adnan, Maria Abdul Ghafoor Raja, Syed Farhan Haider Rizvi, Mian Waqar Mustafa, Umer Farooq, Ghulam Abbas, Shahid Shah

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of nanomedicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 30% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Nanotherapeutics in transplantation: How do we get to clinical implementation?American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2022
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Cyclodextrins in the antiviral therapy.Journal of drug delivery science and technology · 2021
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Asma IqbalFaculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
Muhammad ZamanFaculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0003-1768-2979
Muhammad Wahab AmjadFaculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University Rafha, Rafha, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-5832-8602
Sharjeel AdnanFaculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
Maria Abdul Ghafoor RajaFaculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University Rafha, Rafha, Saudi Arabia.
Syed Farhan Haider RizviFaculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
Mian Waqar MustafaFaculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
Umer FarooqFaculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
Ghulam AbbasFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0003-3005-3288
Shahid ShahFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0002-7396-8341
University of Lahore · PKGovernment College University, Faisalabad · PKNorthern Border University · SAUniversity of Central Punjab · PK

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionOrgan transplantation is a critically important procedure, which requires immune modulation by using immunosuppressants. Development of nanoparticles is an emerging and beneficial engineering process to increase the dissolution rate of poorly soluble immunosuppressants as well as to provide controlled release for better therapeutic outcomes.

methodCurrently, the nanoprecipitation method was employed to fabricate β-cyclodextrin (βCD) facilitated mycophenolate mofetil (MMF)-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNPs). The prime objectives of the study included, improvement of the dissolution profile of poorly aqueous soluble drug and controlled release from the SLNs to provide steady state drug concentration. Drug release from the prepared SLNs was assessed in two different media, ie, acidic buffer at pH 1.2 and phosphate buffer at pH 7.2 using USP dissolution apparatus for 12 h, followed by the evaluation of drug release mechanism and pattern by applying kinetic models.

resultsJustifiably, in acidic medium, the release was found to be 12% more (68%) in comparison to that in basic medium (56%). However, in both dissolution media, drug release was independent of initial concentration (R DISCUSSION: The findings show potential applications of the nanoparticles and the method for the development of SLNPs in controlled release of MMF for better therapeutic outcomes. Conclusively, the prepared SLNPs were well designed in nanosized ranges and justifying the once daily controlled release formulation dose of MMF to enhance patient compliance.

Indexed as

beta-CyclodextrinsBiological AvailabilityDelayed-Action PreparationsDiffusionDrug CarriersDrug Delivery SystemsDrug LiberationHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationImmunosuppressive AgentsLipidsMicroscopy, Electron, ScanningMycophenolic AcidNanoparticlesParticle SizeSolubilitybeta-CyclodextrinsbetadexDelayed-Action PreparationsDrug CarriersImmunosuppressive AgentsLipidsMycophenolic Acidcontrolled releasemycophenolate mofetilnanoparticlesnanoprecipitation methodstearic acidβ-cyclodextrin

Identifiers

PMID32848390
PMCPMC7428318
OpenAlexW3047334052

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.