ArticleDrug design, development and therapy2020
Atorvastatin Combined with Low-Dose Dexamethasone Treatment Protects Endothelial Function Impaired by Chronic Subdural Hematoma via the Transcription Factor KLF-2.
Article in Drug design, development and therapy, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Naoxueshu Oral Liquid Promotes Hematoma Absorption and Relieves Neurological Symptoms in Chronic Subdural Hematoma Patients: A Prospective, Single-Arm, Self-Controlled Study.Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2026Article
- A novel paradigm for chronic subdural hematoma: regenerative medicine strategies targeting the pathological microenvironment.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- The value of computed tomography texture analysis in identifying chronic subdural hematoma patients with a good response to polytherapy.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Potential impact of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the postoperative outcomes of chronic subdural hematoma patients: multi-institutional study in Korea.Lipids in health and disease · 2023Observational
- Angiogenetic Factors in Chronic Subdural Hematoma Development.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Serum Levels of MMP-8 and MMP-9 as Markers in Chronic Subdural Hematoma.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Immunoexpression of MMP-8 and MMP-9 in chronic subdural hematoma.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Chronic Subdural Hematoma Caused by Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia: A Case Report.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Long-Term Efficacy and Low Adverse Events of Methylprednisolone Pulses Combined to Low-Dose Glucocorticoids for Systemic Sclerosis: A Retrospective Clinical Study of 10 Years' Follow-Up.Journal of inflammation research · 2022Article
- Article
- Atorvastatin Plus Low-Dose Dexamethasone May Be Effective for Leukemia-Related Chronic Subdural Hematoma but Not for Leukemia Encephalopathy: A Report of Three Cases.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveOur previous study showed that the combination therapy with atorvastatin and low-dose dexamethasone protected endothelial cell function in chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) injury. In this study, we aimed to investigate the mechanism underlying the effects of this combination therapy on CSDH-induced cell dysfunction.
methodsMonocytes and endothelial cells were cocultured with CSDH patient hematoma samples to mimic the pathological microenvironment of CSDH. Monocytes (THP-1 cells) and endothelial cells (hCMEC/D3 cells) were cocultured in a transwell system for 24 h before stimulation with hematoma samples diluted in endothelial cell medium (ECM) at a 1:1 ratio. Tight junction markers were detected by Western blotting, PCR and immunofluorescence. hCMEC/D3 cells were collected for Western blot and PCR analyses to detect changes in the expression levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1), and Kruppel-like factor 2 (KLF-2). The IL-6, IL-10 and VEGF levels in the supernatant were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
resultsKLF-2 expression in endothelial cells was decreased after stimulation with CSDH patient hematoma samples, but combination therapy with atorvastatin and low-dose dexamethasone reversed this trend. KLF-2 protected injured cells by increasing the expression of VE-cadherin and ZO-1; attenuating the expression of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, IL-6 and VEGF; and enhancing the expression of IL-10, all of which play pivotal roles in endothelial inflammation. Moreover, the effect of combination therapy with atorvastatin and low-dose dexamethasone was obviously reduced in endothelial cells with
conclusionCoculture with hematoma samples decreased KLF-2 expression in human cerebral endothelial cells. Combination therapy with atorvastatin and low-dose dexamethasone counteracted hematoma-induced KLF-2 suppression in human cerebral endothelial cells to attenuate robust endothelial inflammation and permeability. KLF-2 plays an important role in drug therapy for CSDH and may become the key factor in treatment and prognosis.
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