ReviewObesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity2020
Individuals with obesity and COVID-19: A global perspective on the epidemiology and biological relationships.
Review in Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT04799132 (Association Between Body Mass Index and High-flow Cannula Therapy Success in Patients With Severe Covid 19 Related Pneumonia. Retrospective Study.), which is not on this map. Cited by 638 papers, 13 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Association Between Body Mass Index and High-flow Cannula Therapy Success in Patients With Severe Covid 19 Related Pneumonia. Retrospective Study.
Who cites it
638 citing papers in PubMed, 13 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The association of overweight, obesity, and long-term obesity with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a meta-analysis of 9 population-based cohorts from the Netherlands Cohorts Consortium.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2025Pooled it
- The rural food environment and its association with diet, nutrition status, and health outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs): a systematic review.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- The impact of long COVID on physical and cardiorespiratory parameters: A systematic review.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Gender and sex differences in adherence to a Mediterranean diet and associated factors during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- Associations of diabetes, hypertension and obesity with COVID-19 mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ global health · 2023Pooled it
- Uncovering associations between pre-existing conditions and COVID-19 Severity: A polygenic risk score approach across three large biobanks.PLoS genetics · 2023Pooled it
- Biomarkers Associated With Severe COVID-19 Among Populations With High Cardiometabolic Risk: A 2-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.JAMA network open · 2023Pooled it
- Social media-based interventions for adults with obesity and overweight: a meta-analysis and meta-regression.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2023Pooled it
- Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on obesity and it is risk factors: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2023Pooled it
- Obesity as an independent risk factor for COVID-19 severity and mortality.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Risk of bias and certainty of evidence on the association between obesity and mortality in patients with SARS-COV-2: An umbrella review of meta-analyses.Clinical nutrition ESPEN · 2023Pooled it
- What variables should inform needle length choice for deltoid intramuscular injection? A systematic review.BMJ open · 2023Pooled it
- Pharmacoeconomic evaluation of anti-obesity drugs for chronic weight management: a systematic review of literature.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- Article
- Isolation of Phenolic Metabolites and Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Metabolic Enzyme-Inhibitory Activities ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Admission Liver Injury Is an Independent Predictor of Early and Overall Mortality in Hospitalized Patients with Moderate-to-Critical COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Association of Body Mass Index with SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Inflammatory Arthritis Patients Receiving Biologic Therapy: Singapore National Biologics Register Findings.International journal of rheumatic diseases · 2026Article
- Behavioral Modeling in Weight Management: A Global Bibliometric and Content Analysis of Health Belief Model Applications.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Whispers of Pathogens; Social Contagion in Infectious Disease Dynamics: A Review.Health science reports · 2026Article
578 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Erratum issuedErratum.2021
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The linkage of individuals with obesity and COVID-19 is controversial and lacks systematic reviews. After a systematic search of the Chinese and English language literature on COVID-19, 75 studies were used to conduct a series of meta-analyses on the relationship of individuals with obesity-COVID-19 over the full spectrum from risk to mortality. A systematic review of the mechanistic pathways for COVID-19 and individuals with obesity is presented. Pooled analysis show individuals with obesity were more at risk for COVID-19 positive, >46.0% higher (OR = 1.46; 95% CI, 1.30-1.65; p < 0.0001); for hospitalization, 113% higher (OR = 2.13; 95% CI, 1.74-2.60; p < 0.0001); for ICU admission, 74% higher (OR = 1.74; 95% CI, 1.46-2.08); and for mortality, 48% increase in deaths (OR = 1.48; 95% CI, 1.22-1.80; p < 0.001). Mechanistic pathways for individuals with obesity are presented in depth for factors linked with COVID-19 risk, severity and their potential for diminished therapeutic and prophylactic treatments among these individuals. Individuals with obesity are linked with large significant increases in morbidity and mortality from COVID-19. There are many mechanisms that jointly explain this impact. A major concern is that vaccines will be less effective for the individuals with obesity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.