Trial reportThe Journal of clinical investigation2020
Peripheral CD4+ T cell subsets and antibody response in COVID-19 convalescent individuals.
Trial report in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 110 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
110 citing papers in PubMed, 171 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunological Mechanisms and Machine Learning Applications in Post-COVID-19 Syndrome: A Narrative Review.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Genetics and environment distinctively shape the human immune cell epigenome.Nature genetics · 2026Article
- Human precursor T follicular regulatory cells are primed for differentiation into mature Tfr and disrupted during severe infections.Science advances · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Response to COVID-19 Vaccination in Underserved Racial/Ethnic Minority People Living with HIV.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Activation of the Coagulation Cascade as a Universal Danger Sign.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Lung-resident SARS-CoV-2 peptide-specific immune responses in perfused 3D human lung explant models.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Immune responses in pulmonary sarcoidosis following COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Article
- The causal role of immune cells in susceptibility and severity of COVID-19: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.Journal of intensive medicine · 2024Article
- COVID-19: from immune response to clinical intervention.Precision clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Dysregulated Inflammatory Cytokine Levels May Be Useful Markers in a Better Up-Dated Management of COVID-19.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Article
- Correlation between circulating T follicular helper cell levels after infection and a decreased risk of COVID-19 re-infection.Virologica Sinica · 2024Article
- Longitudinal dynamic single-cell mass cytometry analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in COVID-19 patients within 6 months after viral RNA clearance.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 cellular and humoral responses in vaccine-naive individuals during the first two waves of COVID-19 infections in the southern region of The Netherlands: a cross-sectional population-based study.Microbiology spectrum · 2024Article
- T-cell responses in COVID-19 survivors 6-8 months after infection: A longitudinal cohort study in Pune.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2024Article
- Article
- Accelarated immune ageing is associated with COVID-19 disease severity.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2024Article
- Destabilisation of T cell-dependent humoral immunity in sepsis.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2024Review
- A head-to-head comparison of humoral and cellular immune responses of five COVID-19 vaccines in adults in China.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Role of circulating T follicular helper subsets following Ty21a immunization and oral challenge with wild typeFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
50 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUNDMarked progress is achieved in understanding the physiopathology of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which caused a global pandemic. However, the CD4+ T cell population critical for antibody response in COVID-19 is poorly understood.METHODSIn this study, we provided a comprehensive analysis of peripheral CD4+ T cells from 13 COVID-19 convalescent patients, defined as confirmed free of SARS-CoV-2 for 2 to 4 weeks, using flow cytometry and magnetic chemiluminescence enzyme antibody immunoassay. The data were correlated with clinical characteristics.RESULTSWe observed that, relative to healthy individuals, convalescent patients displayed an altered peripheral CD4+ T cell spectrum. Specifically, consistent with other viral infections, cTfh1 cells associated with SARS-CoV-2-targeting antibodies were found in COVID-19 covalescent patients. Individuals with severe disease showed higher frequencies of Tem and Tfh-em cells but lower frequencies of Tcm, Tfh-cm, Tfr, and Tnaive cells, compared with healthy individuals and patients with mild and moderate disease. Interestingly, a higher frequency of cTfh-em cells correlated with a lower blood oxygen level, recorded at the time of admission, in convalescent patients. These observations might constitute residual effects by which COVID-19 can impact the homeostasis of CD4+ T cells in the long-term and explain the highest ratio of class-switched virus-specific antibody producing individuals found in our severe COVID-19 cohort.CONCLUSIONOur study demonstrated a close connection between CD4+ T cells and antibody production in COVID-19 convalescent patients.FUNDINGSix Talent Peaks Project in Jiangsu Province and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC).
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.