Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32839781›Full record

ArticlemedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences2020

Universal PCR and antibody testing demonstrate little to no transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a rural community.

Ayesha Appa, Saki Takahashi, Isabel Rodriguez-Barraquer, Gabriel Chamie, Aenor Sawyer, Cliahub Consortium, Elias Duarte, Jill Hakim, Keirstinne Turcios, Joanna Vinden and 11 more

Open access · greenAbstract readPreprint
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Ayesha AppaUniversity Of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Saki TakahashiUniversity Of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Isabel Rodriguez-BarraquerUniversity Of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Gabriel ChamieUniversity Of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Aenor SawyerUniversity Of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Cliahub ConsortiumUniversity Of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Elias DuarteUniversity Of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Jill HakimUniversity Of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Keirstinne TurciosUniversity Of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Joanna VindenUniversity of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Owen JansonUniversity Of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Aashish ManglikUniversity Of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Michael J PelusoUniversity Of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Steven G DeeksUniversity Of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Timothy J HenrichUniversity Of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Leonel TorresUniversity Of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Mary RodgersAbbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, USA.
John HackettAbbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, USA.
Charles ChiuUniversity Of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Diane HavlirUniversity Of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Bryan GreenhouseUniversity Of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Abbott Fund · USChan Zuckerberg Initiative (United States) · USUniversity of California, Berkeley · US

Funding

San Francisco Vaccine and Prevention UnitUM1AI069496 · NIAID · PUBLIC HEALTH FOUNDATION ENTERPRISES · PI Susan Buchbinder, Diane V Havlir · 2012 to 2026
$30.5M
BIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES TRAINING PROGRAMT32AI007641 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI MATTHEW G DORSEY · 2000 to 2026
$6.9M
Training in HIV Translational ResearchT32AI060530 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Diane V Havlir · 2005 to 2026
$6.4M
Mentoring translational scientists in international infectious disease researchK24AI144048 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Bryan R Greenhouse · 2019 to 2026
$1.6M
NIAID NIH HHS K24 AI144048NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007641NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI060530NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI069496
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe absence of systematic surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 has curtailed accurate appraisal of transmission intensity. Our objective was to perform case detection of an entire rural community to quantify SARS-CoV-2 transmission using PCR and antibody testing.

methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey of the prevalence and cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the rural town of Bolinas, California (population 1,620), four weeks following shelter-in-place orders. Residents and county essential workers were tested between April 20th-24th, 2020. Prevalence by PCR and seroprevalence combining data from two forms of antibody testing were performed in parallel (Abbott ARCHITECT IgG to nucleocapsid protein and in-house IgG ELISA to the receptor binding domain).

resultsOf 1,891 participants, 1,312 were confirmed Bolinas residents (>80% community ascertainment). Zero participants were PCR positive. Assuming 80% sensitivity, it would have been unlikely to observe these results (p<0.05) if there were >3 active infections in the community. Based on antibody results, estimated prevalence of prior infection was 0.16% (95% CrI: 0.02%, 0.46%). Seroprevalence estimates using only one of the two tests would have been higher, with greater uncertainty. The positive predictive value (PPV) of a positive result on both tests was 99.11% (95% CrI: 95.75%, 99.94%), compared to PPV 44.19%-63.32% (95% CrI range 3.25%-98.64%) if only one test was utilized.

conclusionsFour weeks following shelter-in-place, active and prior SARS-CoV-2 infection in a rural Northern California community was extremely rare. In this low prevalence setting, use of two antibody tests increased the PPV and precision of seroprevalence estimates.

Identifiers

PMID32839781
PMCPMC7444294
OpenAlexW3049034624

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.