ArticleMicroorganisms2020
Recent Molecular Evolution of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV): Subdivision of HMPV A2b Strains.
Article in Microorganisms, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epidemiological and Molecular Characterization of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) in Children Under 14 Years of Age in Shijiazhuang City, China.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Epidemiology, Genomic Diversity, and Evolutionary Dynamics of Human Metapneumovirus Over 7 Years of Integrated Community- and Hospital-Based Sentinel Surveillance in Senegal, 2018-2024.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2026Article
- Global distribution and evolution of human metapneumovirus A2b2 clade: Insights from genomic surveillance.Epidemiology and infection · 2026Article
- Emergence and Molecular Epidemiology of Human Metapneumovirus in Greece in the Post-COVID Era.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- A Review of Respiratory Infection Caused by the Human Metapneumovirus: Occurrence, Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Public Health Outcomes, and Intervention Strategies.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Avian Metapneumovirus: Virology, Epidemiology, and Insights from a Comparative Analysis with Human Metapneumovirus-A Review.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Genomic evidence of HMPV resurgence in Beijing: Clade B2 triggers the 2024 winter epidemic peak.Virologica Sinica · 2026Article
- Genetic and epidemiological characteristics of the spread of human metapneumovirus in Bulgaria, 2023-2025.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Genotype turnover and global evolutionary dynamics of G gene duplication variants in human metapneumovirus: insights from prospective surveillance in Nantong, China, 2024-2025.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Molecular Epidemiology of Human Metapneumovirus in Kilifi, Coastal Kenya, 2016-2017 and 2021-2024.Wellcome open research · 2026Article
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- Designing a multi-epitope mRNA vaccine to combat human metapneumovirus based on consensus sequence using reverse vaccinology.Journal of computer-aided molecular design · 2025Article
- Repurposing SARS CoV 2 ligands identifies salvianolic acid C as potential antiviral candidate against human metapneumovirus through computational study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Human metapneumovirus: understanding the molecular mechanisms and pathology of infection.Journal of virology · 2025Review
- Molecular Epidemiology of Human Metapneumovirus Infections in Children from San Luis Potosí-Mexico.Viruses · 2025Article
- Vaccine Development for Human Pneumoviruses.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Protective efficacy of a novel recombinant influenza virus carrying partial human metapneumovirus F protein epitopes.Virulence · 2024Article
- Molecular detection and genotyping of HMPV in patients with severe acute respiratory infection in India.Annals of medicine · 2024Article
- Human adenovirus outbreak at a university campus monitored by wastewater and clinical surveillance.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a major etiological agent of acute respiratory infections in humans. HMPV has been circulating worldwide for more than six decades and is currently divided into five agreed-upon subtypes: A1, A2a, A2b, B1, and B2. Recently, the novel HMPV subtypes A2c, A2b1, and A2b2 have been proposed. However, the phylogenetic and evolutionary relationships between these recently proposed HMPV subtypes are unclear. Here, we report a genome-wide phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis of 161 HMPV strains, including unique HMPV subtype A2b strains with a 180- or 111-nucleotide duplication in the G gene (nt-dup). Our data demonstrate that the HMPV A2b subtype contains two distinct subtypes, A2b1 and A2b2, and that the HMPV subtypes A2c and A2b2 may be different names for the same subtype. HMPV A2b strains with a nt-dup also belong to subtype A2b2. Molecular evolutionary analyses indicate that subtypes A2b1 and A2b2 diverged from subtype A2b around a decade after the subtype A2 was divided into the subtypes A2a and A2b. These data support the A2b1 and A2b2 subtypes proposed in 2012 and are essential for the unified classification of HMPV subtype A2 strains, which is important for future HMPV surveillance and epidemiological studies.
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