ArticleJournal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open2020
Viral and atypical respiratory co-infections in COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Article in Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Worldwide prevalence of microbial agents' coinfection among COVID-19 patients: A comprehensive updated systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2022Pooled it
- Viral Coinfection among COVID-19 Patient Groups: An Update Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.BioMed research international · 2021Pooled it
- Pilot survey among patients taking bromhexine prophylactically against influenza.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2026Article
- Comparative clinical features and outcomes of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis following influenzaFrontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Viral and Bacterial Etiology of Common Respiratory Infections in Children in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Co-infections of SARS-CoV-2 with respiratory syncytial virus and human influenza A in patients with symptoms of COVID-19 in Ghana: A retrospective study.New microbes and new infections · 2024Article
- Clinical Features of Long COVID Patients Coinfected WithThe Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2024Article
- Genotype-phenotype landscapes for immune-pathogen coevolution.Trends in immunology · 2023Review
- Bacterial profiles and their antibiotic resistance background in superinfections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria among COVID-19 ICU patients from southwest Iran.Journal of medical virology · 2023Article
- An Artificial Intelligence-Driven Digital Health Solution to Support Clinical Management of Patients With Long COVID-19: Protocol for a Prospective Multicenter Observational Study.JMIR research protocols · 2022Article
- A review on oral manifestations of COVID-19 disease.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2022Review
- Seroprevalence of community-acquired atypical bacterial pneumonia among adult COVID-19 patients from a single center in Al Madinah Al Munawarah, Saudi Arabia: A retrospective cohort study.Saudi medical journal · 2022Article
- COVID-19-associated opportunistic infections: a snapshot on the current reports.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2022Review
- [Viral pneumonia. COVID-19 pneumonia].Medicine · 2022Article
- Viral co-pathogens in COVID-19 acute respiratory syndrome - what did we learn from the first year of pandemic?International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2022Article
- Article
- Impact of COVID-19 on viral respiratory infection epidemiology in young children: A single-center analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- The interface between COVID-19 and bacterial healthcare-associated infections.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2021Review
- Identification of Coinfections by Viral and Bacterial Pathogens in COVID-19 Hospitalized Patients in Peru: Molecular Diagnosis and Clinical Characteristics.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: Respiratory co-infections have the potential to affect the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 patients. This meta-analysis was performed to analyze the prevalence of respiratory pathogens (viruses and atypical bacteria) in COVID-19 patients. Methods: This review was consistent with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Searched databases included: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and grey literature. Studies with a series of SARS-CoV-2-positive patients with additional respiratory pathogen testing were included. Independently, 2 authors extracted data and assessed quality of evidence across all studies using Cochrane's Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology and within each study using the Newcastle Ottawa scale. Data extraction and quality assessment disagreements were settled by a third author. Pooled prevalence of co-infections was calculated using a random-effects model with univariate meta-regression performed to assess the effect of study subsets on heterogeneity. Publication bias was evaluated using funnel plot inspection, Begg's correlation, and Egger's test. Results: Eighteen retrospective cohorts and 1 prospective study were included. Pooling of data (1880 subjects) showed an 11.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 6.9-17.4, Conclusion: Co-infection with respiratory pathogens is a common and potentially important occurrence in patients with COVID-19. Knowledge of the prevalence and type of co-infections may have diagnostic and management implications.
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