ArticleEnvironmental & resource economics2020
Air Pollution Exposure and Covid-19 in Dutch Municipalities.
Article in Environmental & resource economics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 127 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
127 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association of Particulate Matter (PM2.5) With COVID-19 Infection and Mortality in Low-and Middle-income Asian Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi · 2026Pooled it
- The impact of air pollution on COVID-19 incidence, severity, and mortality: A systematic review of studies in Europe and North America.Environmental research · 2022Pooled it
- A review of strategies and their effectiveness in reducing indoor airborne transmission and improving indoor air quality.Environmental research · 2022Pooled it
- Ambient air pollution and COVID-19 incidence during four 2020-2021 case surges.Environmental research · 2022Pooled it
- Acute and chronic exposure to air pollution in relation with incidence, prevalence, severity and mortality of COVID-19: a rapid systematic review.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2021Pooled it
- Ambient Air Pollution and COVID-19 in California.Research report (Health Effects Institute) · 2026Article
- Consideration of Cardiovascular Morbidities in the Relationship between Ambient Air Pollution Exposure and Individual-Level Adverse COVID-19 Outcomes: A Systematic Review.Current epidemiology reports · 2025Article
- The Relation of Air Pollution on Morbidity and Mortality of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Tekirdag, Türkiye.Iranian journal of public health · 2025Article
- REACH-OUT: Race, Ethnicity, and Air Pollution in COVID-19 Hospitalization OUTcomes.Research report (Health Effects Institute) · 2025Article
- The relationship between chronic air pollution exposure, neighborhood environmental vulnerability, and adverse COVID-19 morbidities among hospitalized New York City residents.Environment international · 2025Article
- Air Pollution in Relation to COVID-19 Morbidity and Mortality: A Large Population-Based Cohort Study in Catalonia, Spain (COVAIR-CAT).Research report (Health Effects Institute) · 2024Article
- Natural and socio-environmental factors in the transmission of COVID-19: a comprehensive analysis of epidemiology and mechanisms.BMC public health · 2024Review
- Article
- Ambient air pollution exposure and COVID-19 related hospitalizations in Santiago, Chile.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Deciphering the link between healthcare expenditure, corruption, and COVID-19 mortality.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Causal relationship between particulate matter 2.5 and infectious diseases: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Long-Term Exposure to AIR Pollution and COVID-19 Mortality and Morbidity in DENmark: Who Is Most Susceptible? (AIRCODEN).Research report (Health Effects Institute) · 2023Article
- Environmental Factors Influencing the Dynamics and Evolution of COVID-19: A Systematic Review on the Study of Short-Term Ozone Exposure.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Modeling and Analysis of Air Pollution and Environmental Justice: The Case for North Carolina's Hog Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations.Environmental health perspectives · 2023Article
- Pre-admission ambient air pollution and blood soot particles predict hospitalisation outcomes in COVID-19 patients.The European respiratory journal · 2023Article
67 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In light of the existing preliminary evidence of a link between Covid-19 and poor air quality, which is largely based upon correlations, we estimate the relationship between long term air pollution exposure and Covid-19 in 355 municipalities in the Netherlands. Using detailed data we find compelling evidence of a positive relationship between air pollution, and particularly
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.