ReviewBrain, behavior, & immunity - health2020
Isolation, social stress, low socioeconomic status and its relationship to immune response in Covid-19 pandemic context.
Review in Brain, behavior, & immunity - health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- The relationship between chronic air pollution exposure, neighborhood environmental vulnerability, and adverse COVID-19 morbidities among hospitalized New York City residents.Environment international · 2025Article
- Housing insecurity pathways to physiological and epigenetic manifestations of health among aging adults: a conceptual model.Frontiers in public health · 2025Review
- Unravelling demographic and socioeconomic patterns of COVID-19 death and other causes of death: results of an individual-level analysis of exhaustive cause of death data in Belgium, 2020.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2024Article
- Physical and Psychological Symptomatology, Co-Parenting, and Emotion Socialization in High-Conflict Divorces: A Profile Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- SIR+ models: accounting for interaction-dependent disease susceptibility in the planning of public health interventions.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Affective reactivity to daily stressors and immune cell gene expression in the MIDUS study.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2024Article
- Article
- Personality vulnerability to depression, resilience, and depressive symptoms: epigenetic markers among perinatal women.Upsala journal of medical sciences · 2024Article
- (A lack of) effects of acute social stress on attentional bias to threat.Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2023Article
- Social Isolation: A Narrative Review on the Dangerous Liaison between the Autonomic Nervous System and Inflammation.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Unintended Consequences of COVID-19 Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) for Population Health and Health Inequalities.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- Long-COVID and comorbid depression and anxiety two years into the COVID-19 pandemic.Psychiatry research · 2022Article
- Social connection and gene regulation during the COVID-19 pandemic: Divergent patterns for online and in-person interaction.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2022Article
- Ecosystem restoration is integral to humanity's recovery from COVID-19.The Lancet. Planetary health · 2022Review
- Verification of Psychophysiological Effects of Satoyama Activities on Older Adult Volunteers and Young People in Post-COVID-19 Society: A Case Study of Matsudo City, Japan.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- NuMoOS - COVID-19 Nutrition and Mood Online Survey: Perception about dietary aspects, stress, anxiety, and depression in the social isolation of Coronavirus Disease 2019.Clinical nutrition ESPEN · 2022Article
- Social cohesion and loneliness are associated with the antibody response to COVID-19 vaccination.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2022Article
- Validation of a simplified comorbidity evaluation predicting clinical outcomes among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 - A multicenter retrospective observation study.The American journal of emergency medicine · 2022Observational
- Social isolation and oxytocin antagonism increase emotion-related behaviors and heart rate in female prairie voles.Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical · 2022Article
- Psychic Life-Biological Molecule Bidirectional Relationship: Pathways, Mechanisms, and Consequences for Medical and Psychological Sciences-A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak was first reported December 2019, in Wuhan, China, and has since spread worldwide. Social distancing or isolation measures were taken to mitigate the pandemic. Furthermore, stress and low socioeconomic status in humans confer increased vulnerability to morbidity and mortality, what can be biologically observed. This condition tends to remain during the Covid-19 pandemic. Social disruption stress (SDR) raises important questions regarding the functioning of the immune system, and the release of several stress hormones. A molecular pattern, conserved transcriptional response to adversity (CTRA), is thought to have evolved to defend against physical injury during periods of heightened risk. Chronic CTRA activation could leave an organism vulnerable to viral infections, leading to increased pro-inflammatory gene expression and a suppression of anti-viral gene expression. The activation of such transcriptional status is related to conditions of social stress through either hostile human contact, or increased predatory vulnerability due to separation from the social group and also low socioeconomic status. This review aims to point out questions for government officials, researchers and health professionals to better target their actions during a pandemic and encourage studies for a better understanding of these characteristics.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.