ReviewThe Lancet. Rheumatology2020
The immunology of COVID-19: is immune modulation an option for treatment?
Review in The Lancet. Rheumatology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 139 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
139 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Clinical efficacy and safety of interleukin-6 receptor antagonists (tocilizumab and sarilumab) in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Emerging microbes & infections · 2022Pooled it
- Effect of Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on serum level of C-reactive protein in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Journal of translational medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of tocilizumab in COVID-19 patients: a living systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2021Pooled it
- Deciphering the COVID-19 cytokine storm: Systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of clinical investigation · 2021Pooled it
- A two-arm, randomized, controlled, multi-centric, open-label phase-2 study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Itolizumab in moderate to severe ARDS patients due to COVID-19.Expert opinion on biological therapy · 2021Trial
- Factors associated with adverse COVID-19 outcomes in patients with psoriasis-insights from a global registry-based study.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2021Trial
- Increased interleukin-6 and macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 are associated with respiratory failure in COVID-19.Scientific reports · 2020Trial
- Pyrazine-driven dinuclear assembly of dysprosium(iii) β-diketonate complex: a fluxidentate bridging approach toward functional near-white luminescent materials.RSC advances · 2025Article
- Antiviral potential of ginseng: Targeting human pathogenic viruses with compounds derived from ginseng.Journal of ginseng research · 2025Review
- Article
- Off-the-shelf allogeneic natural killer cells for the treatment of COVID-19.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2024Article
- Article
- Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Tumor Stage and Pathohistological Parameters of Vulvar Cancer.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Gold Nanoparticle-Based Colorimetric and Fluorescent Dual-Mode Lateral Flow Immunoassay for SARS-CoV-2 Detection.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2024Article
- The DNA glycosylase NEIL2 is protective during SARS-CoV-2 infection.Nature communications · 2023Article
- In Vitro and In Vivo Crosstalk between Type I IFN and IL-8 Responses in SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- A Review of Hematological Complications and Treatment in COVID-19.Hematology reports · 2023Review
- Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Rheumatic Patients with Inflammatory Disorders: A Descriptive Study from a High Infection Incidence Region of Northern Spain.European journal of rheumatology · 2023Article
- Twelve-Month Follow-up of the Immune Response After COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients with Genitourinary Cancers: A Prospective Cohort Analysis.The oncologist · 2023Article
- Pooled evidence from preclinical and clinical studies for stem cell-based therapy in ARDS and COVID-19.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2023Review
79 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In December, 2019, an outbreak of COVID-19 emerged in Wuhan, China and quickly spread globally. As of May 7, 2020, there were 3 672 238 confirmed infections and 254 045 deaths attributed to COVID-19. Evidence has shown that there are asymptomatic carriers of COVID-19 who can transmit the disease to others. The virus incubation time shows a wide range (0-24 days) and the virus displays a high infectivity. It is therefore urgent to develop an effective therapy to treat patients with COVID-19 and to control the spread of the causative agent, severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Repurposing of approved drugs is widely adopted to fight newly emerged diseases such as COVID-19, as these drugs have known pharmacokinetic and safety profiles. As pathological examination has confirmed the involvement of immune hyperactivation and acute respiratory distress syndrome in fatal cases of COVID-19, several disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDS), such as hydroxychloroquine and tocilizumab, have been proposed as potential therapies for the treatment of COVID-19. In this Review, we discuss the immunological aspects of COVID-19 and the potential implication of DMARDs in treating this disease.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.