ArticleEnvironmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.)2020
Cytomegalovirus seroprevalence, recurrence, and antibody levels: Associations with cadmium and lead exposures in the general United States population.
Article in Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
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- The Association of Cytomegalovirus IgM and Allostatic Load.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The interplay between environmental exposures and COVID-19 risks in the health of children.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2021Article
- Economic and Chronologic Optimization of Fecal Donors Screening Process.MDM policy & practiceArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe ubiquitous metals cadmium and lead are immunotoxic, but little is known about their relations to cytomegalovirus (CMV), a widespread herpesvirus. Although CMV infections are mostly asymptomatic, congenital infections are a leading cause of birth defects. In otherwise healthy individuals, there is also some evidence linking subclinical reactivations to accelerated age-related declines in immune function and chronic disease.
methodsOur objective was to evaluate associations of blood cadmium and lead biomarkers with CMV infection in a representative sample of the United States population. In seropositive individuals, we also examined associations with CMV-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels and suspected CMV recurrences. Using cross-sectional data from the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, we fit multivariable survey-weighted regression models accounting for potential confounding by sociodemographic and lifestyle factors and stratifying by age group to allow for heterogeneity. CMV recurrences were defined according to (1) the presence of either CMV-specific immunoglobulin M in sera or CMV viral DNA in urine, and (2) high CMV-specific IgG avidity.
resultsWe observed null associations for blood cadmium. Increasing blood lead quartiles were related to CMV seropositivity and higher CMV IgG levels (both
conclusionBlood cadmium levels do not appear to be related to immunological markers of CMV infections. The possibility that lead exposures increase the risk of CMV infection and impair immune control of the virus in young adults was suggested. Prospective studies are needed to confirm.
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