ArticleHepatobiliary surgery and nutrition2020
Pembrolizumab combined with lenvatinib as non-first-line therapy in patients with refractory biliary tract carcinoma.
Article in Hepatobiliary surgery and nutrition, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 98 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Real-world Study for Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy in Patients With Advanced Hepatobiliary Tumors: a Multi-centers, Open-assess Observational Study.
Lenvatinib Combined Pembrolizumab as a Second-line Treatment in Advanced Hepatobiliary Tumors: a Single-center, Single-arm, Non-randomized Clinical Study
Camrelizumab Combined With Apatinib and Capecitabine for Patients With Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer: a Phase 2, Single-arm, Prospective Study.
Investigation of Predictive Biomarkers in Patients With Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer Treated With Lenvatinib Plus Pembrolizumab
Who cites it
98 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 154 citations in OpenAlex.
- The predictive value of PD-L1 expression in response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy for biliary tract cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) clinical practice guideline on immunotherapy for the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2023Guideline
- Efficacy and Safety of Anti-PD1/PDL1 in Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- Efficacy and biomarker analysis of second-line nab-paclitaxel plus sintilimab in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer.Cancer science · 2024Trial
- A Phase II Study of Pembrolizumab in Combination with Capecitabine and Oxaliplatin with Molecular Profiling in Patients with Advanced Biliary Tract Carcinoma.The oncologist · 2022Trial
- Dissecting Intra-Tumoral Changes Following Immune Checkpoint Blockades in Intrahepatic CholangiocarcinomaFrontiers in immunology · 2022Trial
- Spatial immune profiling complements genomic sequencing in biliary tract cancer: hypothesis-generating use cases.ESMO gastrointestinal oncology · 2026Article
- Article
- Comparative predictive value of immunotherapy biomarkers: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2026Article
- Recent advances in molecular classification and multimodal treatment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.World journal of surgical oncology · 2026Review
- Research progress on immune checkpoint inhibitors in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.Annals of medicine · 2025Review
- Immunotherapy-induced microsatellite instability status shift in recurrent perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: A case report.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Recent advancements in systemic therapy for biliary tract cancers: a literature review.Journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2025Review
- Precision medicine for advanced biliary tract cancer in China: current status and future perspectives.Frontiers of medicine · 2025Review
- Immunotherapy change overcomes acquired resistance after chemo-immunotherapy in unresectable biliary tract cancer.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- Current knowledge about immunotherapy response after liver transplantation of patients with liver cancer.Journal of liver transplantation · 2025Article
- Efficacy and safety of local-regional therapy combined with chemotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors and lenvatinib as first-line treatment in advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- Characterization of the Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasm Immune Microenvironment.Cancer medicine · 2025Review
- Lenvatinib inhibits cholangiocarcinoma progression by targeting the FGF19/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2025Article
38 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
23 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundA therapeutic strategy involving combined treatment with lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab (LEP) has demonstrated a relatively high antitumor response in several solid tumors; however, the efficacy and safety of LEP in patients with refractory bile tract carcinoma (BTC) remains unknown.
methodsThis is a single-arm study for a preliminary assessment of the efficacy and tolerability of LEP in patients who experienced progression from prior systemic treatments. Pre-treatment tumor tissues were collected to retrospectively evaluate the expression status of PDL1.
resultsThirty-two patients received second-line and above treatment with LEP. Overall, the objective response rate (ORR) was 25%, the disease control rate (DCR) was 78.1%, and the clinical benefit rate (CBR) was 40.5%. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 4.9 months (95% CI: 4.7-5.2 months), and the median overall survival (OS) was 11.0 months (95% CI: 9.6-12.3 months). For tolerability, no grade 5 serious adverse events (AEs) were reported. All patients had any-grade AEs, and 59.3% of the patients experienced grade 3 AEs, while only 1 patient experienced a grade 4 AE of stomach bleeding. Fatigue was the most common AE, followed by hypertension and elevated aminotransferase levels. Retrospective analysis for PDL1 expression revealed that PDL1 positive tumor cells were associated with improved clinical benefits and survival outcomes.
conclusionsLEP is a promising alternative as a non-first-line therapeutic regimen for patients with refractory BTC. Furthermore, well-designed prospective clinical trials with a control arm are still needed to obtain more evidences to confirm the efficacy and safety of this particular regimen as well as the role of PDL1 expression.
Indexed as
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.