ArticleCancer letters2020
E-cigarette promotes breast carcinoma progression and lung metastasis: Macrophage-tumor cells crosstalk and the role of CCL5 and VCAM-1.
Article in Cancer letters, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparison of e-Cigarette and Cigarette Use and Dual Use Associations With Disease: Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)Pooled it
- Navigating regulatory challenges: a cross-sectional survey of vaping and smoking behaviours among university students in Yunnan, China.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Biomechanical signaling of cytoskeleton and membrane reorganization in tumor immune chemotactic migration.Theranostics · 2026Review
- From description to prediction: a multi-database bibliometric forecast-validation study of lung cancer and tumor-associated macrophages research (2005-2025).Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Macrophage membrane coating enhances the therapeutic effects ofMaterials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Stealth missiles with precision guidance: A novel multifunctional nano-drug delivery system based on biomimetic cell membrane coating technology.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Vaping and cancer metastasis: novel preclinical insights and results from the All of Us Research Program.The oncologist · 2025Article
- Progress in Aptamer Research and Future Applications.ChemistryOpen · 2025Review
- Precision-Guided Stealth Missiles in Biomedicine: Biological Carrier-Mediated Nanomedicine Hitchhiking Strategy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Lung-specific metastasis: the coevolution of tumor cells and lung microenvironment.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Effects of smoking behavior on lung metastasis in the All of Us Research Program.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Life's Essential 8 and Cardiovascular Disease in Breast Cancer Survivors.Current cardiology reports · 2025Review
- Despicable role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer metastasis: ExhibitingCancer pathogenesis and therapy · 2025Review
- Evidence update on the cancer risk of vaping e-cigarettes: A systematic review.Tobacco induced diseases · 2025Review
- Vaping and tumor metastasis: current insights and progress.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2024Review
- Current perspective on e-cigarette use and respiratory outcomes: mechanisms and messaging.Expert review of respiratory medicine · 2024Review
- Role of adhesion molecules in cancer and targeted therapy.Science China. Life sciences · 2024Review
- Toxicological Aspects Associated with Consumption from Electronic Nicotine Delivery System (ENDS): Focus on Heavy Metals Exposure and Cancer Risk.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The global, regional, and national disease burden of breast cancer attributable to tobacco from 1990 to 2019: a global burden of disease study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- E-cigarette exposure disrupts antitumor immunity and promotes metastasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Young women represent a target of E-cigarette (E-cig) companies, raising concern for potential connections with breast cancer (BC) that have not yet been elucidated. We hypothesized that E-cig promotes BC development and lung metastasis possibly through BC-monocyte/tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) crosstalk via CCL5 and V-CAM-1 axes. We demonstrated that E-cig promoted the infiltration of circulating monocytes in mammary fat pad (MFP) model. Furthermore, E-cig exposure significantly enhanced BC cell growth in MFP tumor and metastatic lung colonization; immunohistochemical stains illustrated the increase of TAMs infiltration, reduced BC cell apoptosis and increased proliferation index after E-cig exposure. In vitro studies show E-cig vapor condensate (EVC) treatment upregulated protein expressions of CCL5, V-CAM-1, and other pro-tumorigenic factors in BC cells. Mechanistically, co-culture system demonstrated both EVC and macrophages independently stimulated BC cell growth and the migration via CCL5/CCR1/CCR5 axis. During metastasis, E-Cig exposure stimulated BC cell survival via direct interaction with infiltrated macrophages, regulated by VCAM-1 and integrin α
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.