ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2020
Electronic-Cigarette Vehicles and Flavoring Affect Lung Function and Immune Responses in a Murine Model.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 81 citations in OpenAlex.
- Findings on e-cigarette flavors and their implications for human health: a systematic review.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Pulmonary effects of e-liquid flavors: a systematic review.Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part B, Critical reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Impact of e-cigarette vaping on the immune system across the body.Physiological reviews · 2026Review
- Methylglyoxal and Glyoxal in High-Puff Disposable Electronic Cigarette Liquids: Unexpected Accumulation and Enhanced Cytotoxicity.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Altered lung function in mice is a sensitive indicator of lung damage following 6 months of electronic nicotine delivery system aerosol exposure.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2026Article
- Toxicity and Appeal of Flavoured E-Cigarettes and Flavour Ban Outcomes: A Narrative Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Review
- Oxidative stress mediates cardiac electrophysiological injury in inhalation exposure to flavored vaping products.Heart rhythm · 2026Article
- Longitudinal Electronic Cigarette Exposures Impair Respiratory Function and Structure in the Female Apoe-/- Mouse.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026Article
- Concurrent e-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) and myopericarditis: a rare case report and literature review.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Review
- The respiratory epithelium in the era of vaping: insights fromEuropean respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2025Review
- Inhalation exposure to dihydroxyacetone promotes lung injury and pulmonary fibrosis in A/J mice.Toxicology reports · 2025Article
- The effects of flavored vaped e-liquids on cultured human macrophages derived from the central and peripheral nervous systems.Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA · 2025Article
- Immunological Effects of Electronic Cigarette Use: A Review of Current Evidence.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- Article
- E-cigarette flavoring chemicals and vehicles adversely impact the functions of pigmented human retinal ARPE-19 cells.Toxicology reports · 2024Article
- Influence mechanism of serum free immunoglobulin light chain on pulmonary inflammatory response and serum levels of inflammatory factors in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Journal of medical biochemistry · 2024Article
- Vaping Possible Negative Effects on Lungs: State-of-the-Art From Lung Capacity Alteration to Cancer.Cureus · 2024Review
- Sex-specific alterations in pulmonary metabolic, xenobiotic and lipid signalling pathways after e-cigarette aerosol exposure during adolescence in mice.BMJ open respiratory research · 2024Article
- Multidimensional assessment of the biological effects of electronic cigarettes on lung bronchial epithelial cells.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Nicotine or marijuana vaping exposure during pregnancy and altered immune responses in offspring.Journal of environmental exposure assessment · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), also known as electronic-cigarettes (e-cigs), has raised serious public health concerns, especially in light of the 2019 outbreak of e-cig or vaping product use-associated acute lung injury (EVALI). While these cases have mostly been linked to ENDS that contain vitamin E acetate, there is limited research that has focused on the chronic pulmonary effects of the delivery vehicles (i.e., without nicotine and flavoring). Thus, we investigated lung function and immune responses in a mouse model following exposure to the nearly ubiquitous e-cig delivery vehicles, vegetable glycerin (VG) and propylene glycol (PG), used with a specific 70%/30% ratio, with or without vanilla flavoring. We hypothesized that mice exposed sub-acutely to these e-cig aerosols would exhibit lung inflammation and altered lung function. Adult female C57BL/6 mice (
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.