ReviewNutrients2020
Intramuscular Mechanisms Mediating Adaptation to Low-Carbohydrate, High-Fat Diets during Exercise Training.
Review in Nutrients, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The Effects of Concurrent Training Combined with Low-Carbohydrate High-Fat Ketogenic Diet on Body Composition and Aerobic Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Body composition changes in physically active individuals consuming ketogenic diets: a systematic review.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2021Pooled it
- Carbohydrate restriction drives greater perturbations in circulating metabolites than low energy availability in elite male athletes.Physiological reports · 2026Trial
- Ten-year medication-free remission of type 2 diabetes in a South Asian male using a culturally adapted low-carbohydrate diet: an N-of-1 longitudinal study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Consensus Document of the Spanish Nutrition Society (SEÑ) on Nutritional Strategies in Sports.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Historical rise of cancer and dietary linoleic acid: Mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.World journal of clinical oncology · 2025Review
- Periodized carbohydrate intake influences metabolic flexibility and indices of running economy during endurance training in recreationally active males.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Effects of a 10-Week Exercise and Nutritional Intervention with Variable Dietary Carbohydrates and Glycaemic Indices on Substrate Metabolism, Glycogen Storage, and Endurance Performance in Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Sports medicine - open · 2024Article
- Physiologic Adaptation to Macronutrient Change Distorts Findings from Short Dietary Trials: Reanalysis of a Metabolic Ward Study.The Journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- A low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet leads to unfavorable changes in blood lipid profiles compared to carbohydrate-rich diets with different glycemic indices in recreationally active men.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- High-fat ketogenic diets and ketone monoester supplements differentially affect substrate metabolism during aerobic exercise.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2023Review
- Longer-Term Effects of the Glycaemic Index on Substrate Metabolism and Performance in Endurance Athletes.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Adaptation of fuel selection to acute decrease in voluntary energy expenditure is governed by dietary macronutrient composition in mice.Physiological reports · 2021Article
- Regulation of Energy Substrate Metabolism in Endurance Exercise.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Review
- Exogenous Ketones as Therapeutic Signaling Molecules in High-Stress Occupations: Implications for Mitigating Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Future Research.Nutrition and metabolic insights · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Interest in low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LCHF) diets has increased over recent decades given the theorized benefit of associated intramuscular adaptations and shifts in fuel utilization on endurance exercise performance. Consuming a LCHF diet during exercise training increases the availability of fat (i.e., intramuscular triglyceride stores; plasma free fatty acids) and decreases muscle glycogen stores. These changes in substrate availability increase reliance on fat oxidation for energy production while simultaneously decreasing reliance on carbohydrate oxidation for fuel during submaximal exercise. LCHF diet-mediated changes in substrate oxidation remain even after endogenous or exogenous carbohydrate availability is increased, suggesting that the adaptive response driving changes in fat and carbohydrate oxidation lies within the muscle and persists even when the macronutrient content of the diet is altered. This narrative review explores the intramuscular adaptations underlying increases in fat oxidation and decreases in carbohydrate oxidation with LCHF feeding. The possible effects of LCHF diets on protein metabolism and post-exercise muscle remodeling are also considered.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.