SynthesisNutrients2020
Breakfast Characteristics and Their Association with Energy, Macronutrients, and Food Intake in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Nutrients, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A Systematic Review of Evidence on the Role of Ready-to-Eat Cereals in Diet and Non-Communicable Disease Prevention.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Association between breakfast consumption frequency and handgrip strength and standing long jump: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Measuring breakfast dietary patterns in Spanish youth: Reliability of the Spanish Youth Breakfast Consumption Questionnaire (SYBC-Q).Nutrition and health · 2026Article
- The Relationship Between Meal Composition and the Body Composition of Wroclaw Medical University Students.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Associations among family sociodemographic factors, breakfast habits, and weight status in preschool children and the mediating role of breakfast habits: the ToyBox-study.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Breakfast frequency, lifestyle-related factors and their association with body weight status among Polish primary school children aged 10 to 12 years: results from a nationwide cross-sectional study.Nutrition journal · 2025Article
- Physical fitness status and associated determinants among Chinese children aged 9-12 years in Shandong province: a population-based cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Nutritional strategies for childhood obesity treatment and prevention without counting calories-A narrative review.Pediatric discovery · 2025Review
- Children's and adolescents' lifestyle factors associated with physical activity in five Mediterranean countries: the DELICIOUS project.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Relationship with Nut Consumption for Breakfast and Postprandial Glucose, Insulin, Triglyceride Responses: A Preliminary Study from Türkiye.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The relationship between lifestyle habits and obesity among students in the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia: using the Arab Teens Lifestyle (ATLS) questionnaire.BMC public health · 2024Article
- PROTOCOL: Breakfast consumption, anthropometry, and nutrition-related outcomes in adolescents from low- and middle-income countries: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.Campbell systematic reviews · 2024Article
- Skipping breakfast is associated to inadequate nutrient intakes among Tunisian children: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Breakfast and School-Related Outcomes in Children and Adolescents in the US: A Literature Review and its Implications for School Nutrition Policy.Current nutrition reports · 2022Review
- Breakfast Consumption May Improve Fasting Insulin, HOMA-IR, and HbA1c Levels in Predominately Low-Income, Hispanic Children 7-12 Years of Age.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Article
- Breakfast Dietary Pattern Is Inversely Associated with Overweight/Obesity in European Adolescents: The HELENA Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Social Inequalities in Breakfast Consumption among Adolescents in Spain: The DESKcohort Project.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Breakfast plays an important role in health because it has been associated with overall health, which includes a high daily nutrient intake and a low risk of chronic diseases. For this reason, we investigated the associations between breakfast consumption and daily energy, macronutrients, and food and beverage consumption. We systematically searched peer-reviewed articles in three datasets (Pubmed, Scopus, and Cochrane). Two independent reviewers evaluated 3188 studies against the inclusion criteria using the Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS) critical appraisal and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) methodologies. The meta-analysis was performed by comparing results based on type of breakfast consumed (ready to eat cereal breakfasts or other types of breakfasts). Ultimately, 38 studies were included in the review and 7 of them in the energy and macronutrients intake meta-analysis. In the Systematic Review, breakfast consumers had higher energy intake (EI), fibre intake, and higher consumption of fruits and vegetables and lower consumption of soft drinks than breakfast skippers. In the Meta-Analysis, breakfast consumers had a higher carbohydrates intake (MD, -8.21; 95%CI: -11.37, -5.05) and fibre intake (MD, -8.43; 95%CI: -12.63, -4.23) than breakfast skippers. However, breakfast consumers had a lower fat intake (MD, 4.59; 95%CI: 2.04, 7.15). Our review suggests that breakfast consumption is associated with better macronutrient intake and healthier food and beverage consumption.
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Registered trials
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