Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32823826›Full record

ArticleGenes2020

A Forensic Genomics Approach for the Identification of Sister Marija Crucifiksa Kozulić.

Charla Marshall, Kimberly Sturk-Andreaggi, Erin M Gorden, Jennifer Daniels-Higginbotham, Sidney Gaston Sanchez, Željana Bašić, Ivana Kružić, Šimun Anđelinović, Alan Bosnar, Miran Čoklo and 4 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genes, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.3field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Patellae as a source of DNA in forensic and archaeological analysis.International journal of legal medicine · 2025
    Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.

Charla MarshallArmed Forces Medical Examiner System (AFMES), Dover Air Force Base, Dover, DE 19902, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8495-1748
Kimberly Sturk-AndreaggiArmed Forces Medical Examiner System (AFMES), Dover Air Force Base, Dover, DE 19902, USA.
Erin M GordenArmed Forces Medical Examiner System (AFMES), Dover Air Force Base, Dover, DE 19902, USA.
Jennifer Daniels-HigginbothamArmed Forces Medical Examiner System (AFMES), Dover Air Force Base, Dover, DE 19902, USA.
Sidney Gaston SanchezArmed Forces Medical Examiner System (AFMES), Dover Air Force Base, Dover, DE 19902, USA.
Željana BašićDepartment of Forensic Sciences, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia.
Ivana KružićDepartment of Forensic Sciences, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia.
Šimun AnđelinovićMedical School, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia.
Alan BosnarDepartment of Forensic Medicine and Criminalistics, University of Rijeka School of Medicine, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
Miran ČokloInstitute for Anthropological Research, Center for Applied Bioanthropology, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Anja PetarosNational Board of Forensic Medicine, Department of Forensic Medicine, 58758 Linköping, Sweden.
Timothy P McMahonArmed Forces Medical Examiner System (AFMES), Dover Air Force Base, Dover, DE 19902, USA.
Dragan PrimoracDepartment of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Forensic Science Program, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5565-080X
Mitchell M HollandDepartment of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Forensic Science Program, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
University of Split · HRPennsylvania State University · USInstitute for Anthropological Research · HRLee College · USSwedish National Board of Forensic Medicine · SEUniversity of Rijeka · HR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sister Marija Krucifiksa Kozulić (1852-1922) was a Croatian nun who is in consideration for beatification by the Vatican, which is facilitated by the identification of her 20th-century remains. Sister Marija was buried in a tomb in Rijeka, Croatia, along with other nuns including her biological sister, Tereza Kozulić (1861-1933). When the remains were exhumed in 2011, they were found in a deteriorated state and commingled with several other sets of remains. Thus, mitochondrial genome sequencing of the long bones was performed to sort the remains by mitochondrial haplotype. Two similar but unique haplotypes belonging to haplogroup H1bu were identified, and samples from these bones were subjected to autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sequencing. Although only partial profiles were obtained, the data were sufficient for kinship analysis with the profile of a paternal niece of Sister Marija (Fides Kozulić). The data indicate that it is 574,195-fold more likely that the two sets of skeletal remains represent 2nd-degree relatives of Fides than sisters who are unrelated to Fides. Although it is impossible to discern which set of remains belongs to Marija and which belongs to Tereza, forensic genomics methods have enabled identification of the sisters.

Indexed as

Forensic AnthropologyForensic GeneticsGenome, HumanGenomicsFemaleGenome, MitochondrialHaplotypesHumansMicrosatellite RepeatsPedigreePolymorphism, Single NucleotideWhole Genome Sequencingbeatificationforensic genomicshistorical remainshuman identificationkinship inferencemassively parallel sequencing (MPS)mitogenomenext-generation sequencing (NGS)short tandem repeat (STR)single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)

Identifiers

PMID32823826
PMCPMC7464340
OpenAlexW3048674915

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.