ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2020
Development of a Donkey Grimace Scale to Recognize Pain in Donkeys (
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparing training methods to promote better animal welfare outcomes for animals in the research and teaching industry.Animal welfare (South Mimms, England) · 2026Article
- Heart Rate Variability Spectral Analysis for Monitoring Autonomic Activation in a Donkey Involved in Animal-Assisted Therapy: A Single Subject Design During Animal-Assisted Therapy Sessions.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Current and Emerging Advanced Techniques for Breeding Donkeys and Mules.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
- Stress, lipid profile and inflammatory responses to flunixin meglumine administration in surgical and non-surgical castration in donkeys.Veterinary and animal science · 2025Article
- Application of the horse grimace scale in horses with dental disease: Preliminary findings.The Veterinary record · 2025Article
- Clinical interpretation of body language and behavioral modifications to recognize pain in domestic mammals.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Review
- How facial expressions reveal acute pain in domestic animals with facial pain scales as a diagnostic tool.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Review
- Automated acute pain prediction in domestic goats using deep learning-based models on video-recordings.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Advances in Donkey and Mule Research.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- A Retrospective Study on the Status of Working Equids Admitted to an Equine Clinic in Cairo: Disease Prevalence and Associations between Physical Parameters and Outcome.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Common clinical findings identified in working equids in low- and middle-income countries from 2005 to 2021.PloS one · 2024Article
- From facial expressions to algorithms: a narrative review of animal pain recognition technologies.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Review
- Transdermal Flunixin Meglumine as a Pain Relief in Donkeys: A Pharmacokinetics Pilot Study.Metabolites · 2023Article
- A Pilot Study on Behavioural and Physiological Indicators of Emotions in Donkeys.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Assessing the impact of draught load pulling on welfare in equids.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Review
- Cross-Sectional Questionnaire of Donkey Owners and Farriers Regarding Farriery Practices in the Faisalabad Region of Pakistan.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Quantifying the Impact of Mounted Load Carrying on Equids: A Review.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Review
- Validation of the Donkey Pain Scale (DOPS) for Assessing Postoperative Pain in Donkeys.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to establish a donkey ethogram, followed by a donkey grimace scale to be applied to donkeys pre- and post-castration and to test if there was a notable difference in scores based on observer knowledge, gender, and experience, which could reveal possible discomfort/pain. Nine healthy male adult donkeys were surgically castrated. Fifty-four photos were selected from frontal, lateral, and body views taken pre- and post-castration. Observers ranging from minimal to extensive knowledge and levels of experience based on education and hours/month spent with donkeys scored six photos/donkey on a scale of 0-2 (0 = not present, 1 = moderately present, 2 = obviously present). Scores were based on body language and facial parameters: Ears down, ears back, eye white showing, glazed look, orbital tightening, eyes round shape, nostril tension, eyes narrow shape, muzzle tension, and abnormal stance and overall perception of the animal being in pain. Level of experience and knowledge, as well as gender significantly (
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.