ArticleDevelopmental cognitive neuroscience2020
Brain connectivity and socioeconomic status at birth and externalizing symptoms at age 2 years.
Article in Developmental cognitive neuroscience, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- A research agenda for understanding how social inequality is linked to brain structure and function.Nature human behaviour · 2024Pooled it
- Neural correlates of socioeconomic status in early childhood: a systematic review of the literature.Child neuropsychology : a journal on normal and abnormal development in childhood and adolescence · 2021Pooled it
- Life after the NICU: targeting modifiable factors to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes in children born extremely preterm.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- Prenatal Adversity and Neonatal Brain Connectivity Relate to Emerging Executive Function at Age 2 Years.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2026Article
- Annual Research Review: Early conduct problems - precursors, outcomes, and etiology.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2026Review
- Prenatal experience of greater neighborhood disadvantage is associated with altered fetal volumetric brain growth in utero.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2026Article
- Socioeconomic Status Is Associated With Reward Processing, Interleukin 1β, Striatal Connectivity, and Antidepressant Outcomes in Individuals With Major Depressive Disorder: A CAN-BIND-1 Report.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2026Article
- Neonatal Brain Volumes and Early Parenting Behavior as Mediators in Associations Between Prenatal Social Disadvantage and Socioemotional Problems in Toddlers.Biological psychiatry · 2026Article
- Associations of neighborhood deprivation and household income during pregnancy on child externalizing and internalizing problems.Development and psychopathology · 2026Article
- Social 'envirotyping' the ABCD study contextualizes dissociable brain organization and diverging outcomes.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2026Article
- The effect of the "exposome" on developmental brain health and cognitive outcomes.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Social Determinants of Health, the developing brain, and risk and resilience for psychopathology.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Review
- The promise of infant MRI in psychiatry: toward a framework for neural network measures in early emotional and behavioral risk identification and new intervention targets.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Review
- Social determinants impact both viral infections and brain development.Pediatric research · 2025Review
- Social Determinants of Health and Early Brain Development.Pediatric clinics of North America · 2025Review
- Risk and resilience profiles and their transition pathways in the ABCD Study.Development and psychopathology · 2025Article
- A hierarchical model of early brain functional network development.Trends in cognitive sciences · 2025Review
- Associations among socioeconomic disadvantage, longitudinal changes in within-network connectivity, and academic outcomes in the ABCD study.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2025Article
- Prenatal Household Income Instability and Infant Subcortical Brain Volumes.Developmental science · 2025Article
- Exploring functional connectivity in clinical and data-driven groups of preterm and term adults.Brain communications · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Low childhood socioeconomic status (SES) predisposes individuals to altered trajectories of brain development and increased rates of mental illness. Brain connectivity at birth is associated with psychiatric outcomes. We sought to investigate whether SES at birth is associated with neonatal brain connectivity and if these differences account for socioeconomic disparities in infant symptoms at age 2 years that are predictive of psychopathology. Resting state functional MRI was performed on 75 full-term and 37 term-equivalent preterm newborns (n = 112). SES was characterized by insurance type, the Area Deprivation Index, and a composite score. Seed-based voxelwise linear regression related SES to whole-brain functional connectivity of five brain regions representing functional networks implicated in psychiatric illnesses and affected by socioeconomic disadvantage: striatum, medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC), and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex. Lower SES was associated with differences in striatum and vlPFC connectivity. Striatum connectivity with frontopolar and medial PFC mediated the relationship between SES and behavioral inhibition at age 2 measured by the Infant-Toddler Social Emotional Assessment (n = 46). Striatum-frontopolar connectivity mediated the relationship between SES and externalizing symptoms. These results, convergent across three SES metrics, suggest that neurodevelopmental trajectories linking SES and mental illness may begin as early as birth.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.