ReviewBiomarker insights2020
Simple Methods for Evaluating 4 Types of Biomarkers: Surrogate Endpoint, Prognostic, Predictive, and Cancer Screening.
Review in Biomarker insights, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- CT Perfusion Blood Flow Provides an Early Response Marker for Progression-free Survival in a Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma.Technology in cancer research & treatmentTrial
- A simplified MyProstateScore2.0 for high-grade prostate cancer.Cancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers · 2025Article
- Prediagnostic evaluation of multicancer detection tests: design and analysis considerations.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2024Article
- Evaluating Risk Prediction with Data Collection Costs: Novel Estimation of Test Tradeoff Curves.Medical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making · 2024Article
- MS-Based Proteomics of Body Fluids: The End of the Beginning.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2023Article
- Immunomodulatory effects of exercise in cancer prevention and adjuvant therapy: a narrative review.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We review simple methods for evaluating 4 types of biomarkers. First, we discuss the evaluation of surrogate endpoint biomarkers (to shorten a randomized trial) using 2 statistical and 3 biological criteria. Second, we discuss the evaluation of prognostic biomarkers (to predict the risk of disease) by comparing data collection costs with the anticipated net benefit of risk prediction. Third, we discuss the evaluation of predictive markers (to search for a promising subgroup in a randomized trial) using a multivariate subpopulation treatment effect pattern plot involving a risk difference or responders-only benefit function. Fourth, we discuss the evaluation of cancer screening biomarkers (to predict cancer in asymptomatic persons) using methodology to substantially reduce the sample size with stored specimens.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.