ArticleParasites & vectors2020
Nitric oxide debilitates the neuropathogenic schistosome Trichobilharzia regenti in mice, partly by inhibiting its vital peptidases.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- TRPV1+ neurons promote cutaneous immunity against Schistosoma mansoni.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Article
- Evaluation of metformin's effect on the adult and juvenile stages ofJournal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2025Article
- No evidence of Alzheimer's disease pathology in mice infected with Toxocara canis.Parasite (Paris, France) · 2025Article
- The neurotropic schistosomeParasitology · 2024Article
- Expanding the swimmer's itch pool of the Benelux: a first record of the neurotropic Trichobilharzia regenti and potential link to human infection.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Bsep/Abcb11 knockout ameliorates Schistosoma mansoni liver pathology by reducing parasite fecundity.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2023Article
- Nitric oxide in parasitic infections: a friend or foe?Journal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2022Review
- Mechanisms of the host immune response and helminth-induced pathology during Trichobilharzia regenti (Schistosomatidae) neuroinvasion in mice.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- Pattern recognition receptor signaling and innate immune responses to schistosome infection.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAvian schistosomes, the causative agents of human cercarial dermatitis (or swimmer's itch), die in mammals but the mechanisms responsible for parasite elimination are unknown. Here we examined the role of reactive nitrogen species, nitric oxide (NO) and peroxynitrite, in the immune response of mice experimentally infected with Trichobilharzia regenti, a model species of avian schistosomes remarkable for its neuropathogenicity.
methodsInducible NO synthase (iNOS) was localized by immunohistochemistry in the skin and the spinal cord of mice infected by T. regenti. The impact of iNOS inhibition by aminoguanidine on parasite burden and growth was then evaluated in vivo. The vulnerability of T. regenti schistosomula to NO and peroxynitrite was assessed in vitro by viability assays and electron microscopy. Additionally, the effect of NO on the activity of T. regenti peptidases was tested using a fluorogenic substrate.
resultsiNOS was detected around the parasites in the epidermis 8 h post-infection and also in the spinal cord 3 days post-infection (dpi). Inhibition of iNOS resulted in slower parasite growth 3 dpi, but the opposite effect was observed 7 dpi. At the latter time point, moderately increased parasite burden was also noticed in the spinal cord. In vitro, NO did not impair the parasites, but inhibited the activity of T. regenti cathepsins B1.1 and B2, the peptidases essential for parasite migration and digestion. Peroxynitrite severely damaged the surface tegument of the parasites and decreased their viability in vitro, but rather did not participate in parasite clearance in vivo.
conclusionsReactive nitrogen species, specifically NO, do not directly kill T. regenti in mice. NO promotes the parasite growth soon after penetration (3 dpi), but prevents it later (7 dpi) when also suspends the parasite migration in the CNS. NO-related disruption of the parasite proteolytic machinery is partly responsible for this effect.
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