ArticlePloS one2020
Very low oral exposure to prions of brain or saliva origin can transmit chronic wasting disease.
Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- CWD prions are present in the blood of healthy-appearing, naturally infected free-ranging white-tailed deer.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Emerging risks at the vampire bat-prion interface: implications for wildlife, livestock, and public health.Journal of mammalogy · 2026Article
- Development of High-Throughput Genomic Resources to Inform White-Tailed Deer Population and Disease Management.Molecular ecology resources · 2026Article
- Article
- Prion diseases: Lessons from historical outbreaks and potential emerging ones.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2025Review
- Homogenization Reveals Large-Scale Dynamics in the Spread of Chronic Wasting Disease.Bulletin of mathematical biology · 2025Article
- Cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in young individuals: open questions regarding aetiology.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Article
- Advancements in Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) Prion Detection: Moving Beyond the Gold Standards.Sub-cellular biochemistry · 2025Review
- Article
- Prion forensics: a multidisciplinary approach to investigate CWD at an illegal deer carcass disposal site.Prion · 2024Article
- Temporal Characterization of Prion Shedding in Secreta of White-Tailed Deer in Longitudinal Study of Chronic Wasting Disease, United States.Emerging infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Detection of Chronic Wasting Disease Prions in Prairie Soils from Endemic Regions.Environmental science & technology · 2024Article
- Prospective fecal microbiomic biomarkers for chronic wasting disease.Microbiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Chronic Wasting Disease: State of the Science.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Nasal bots carry relevant titers of CWD prions in naturally infected white-tailed deer.EMBO reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Plants as vectors for environmental prion transmission.iScience · 2023Article
- Ticks harbor and excrete chronic wasting disease prions.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Anchorless risk or released benefit? An updated view on the ADAM10-mediated shedding of the prion protein.Cell and tissue research · 2023Review
- Large animal models for chronic wasting disease.Cell and tissue research · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The minimum infectious dose required to induce CWD infection in cervids remains unknown, as does whether peripherally shed prions and/or multiple low dose exposures are important factors in CWD transmission. With the goal of better understand CWD infection in nature, we studied oral exposures of deer to very low doses of CWD prions and also examined whether the frequency of exposure or prion source may influence infection and pathogenesis. We orally inoculated white-tailed deer with either single or multiple divided doses of prions of brain or saliva origin and monitored infection by serial longitudinal tissue biopsies spanning over two years. We report that oral exposure to as little as 300 nanograms (ng) of CWD-positive brain or to saliva containing seeding activity equivalent to 300 ng of CWD-positive brain, were sufficient to transmit CWD disease. This was true whether the inoculum was administered as a single bolus or divided as three weekly 100 ng exposures. However, when the 300 ng total dose was apportioned as 10, 30 ng doses delivered over 12 weeks, no infection occurred. While low-dose exposures to prions of brain or saliva origin prolonged the time from inoculation to first detection of infection, once infection was established, we observed no differences in disease pathogenesis. These studies suggest that the CWD minimum infectious dose approximates 100 to 300 ng CWD-positive brain (or saliva equivalent), and that CWD infection appears to conform more with a threshold than a cumulative dose dynamic.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.