SynthesisThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene2020
Travel Is a Key Risk Factor for Malaria Transmission in Pre-Elimination Settings in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Review of the Literature and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and associated factors of malaria among the displaced population in refugee camps in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Malaria journal · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Multi-scenario evaluation of federated learning for privacy-preserving malaria prediction with Ghana DHS data.PLOS digital health · 2026Article
- Malaria prevalence and molecular markers of Plasmodium falciparum antimalarial drug resistance among mobile populations in malaria-endemic countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Research square · 2026Article
- Quantifying the Role of Importation on Sustained Malaria Transmission in a Low-to-Moderate Burden Region of Southwest Uganda.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Whole genome sequencing to inform the epidemiology of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in the elimination setting of Malaysia.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Rural-Urban Migration and Low-Transmission Endemicity of Malaria in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Statistical Inference Approach to Uncover Possible Mechanisms.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2026Article
- Low-density asymptomatic parasitemia in southern Zambia does not lead to clinical malaria and is not associated with household transmission: results from a two-year cohort study.Research square · 2026Article
- Epidemiological and entomological analysis of imported malaria in Pemba Island, Zanzibar: a study from 2020-2022.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Mapping malaria risk in India between 2019 and 2023: a tool for the public to track malaria.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Modeling urban malaria infection in Anopheles stephensi hotspot area in Eastern Ethiopia: application of Structural Equation Modeling.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Determinants of malaria transmission in Indian districts in 2018: insights from ensemble models.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Magnitude of urban malaria and its associated risk factors in Damboya town, Kambata zone, Central Ethiopia.Parasite epidemiology and control · 2025Article
- Implementation outcomes of 1-3-7 focus investigation for malaria in a low transmission setting in Southern Province, Zambia: A mixed methods study.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Malaria Severity in the Elimination Continuum: A Retrospective Cohort Study between Beitbridge and Lupane Districts in Zimbabwe, 2021-2023.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Multidisciplinary Exploration of Unknown Oral Lesions With Accompanying Oral Verrucas of the Tongue: A Case Report.Cureus · 2024Article
- Occupational exposure to malaria, leishmaniasis and arbovirus vectors in endemic regions: A systematic review.Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2024Review
- Sociodemographic aspects, time series and high-risk clusters of malaria in the extra-Amazon region of Brazil: a 22-year study.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2024Article
- Investigating Awareness Regarding Travel-Related Infectious Disease Prevention in a Metropolitan Area.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Article
- Bayesian belief network modelling approach for predicting and ranking risk factors for malaria infections among children under 5 years in refugee settlements in Uganda.Malaria journal · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
By sustaining transmission or causing malaria outbreaks, imported malaria undermines malaria elimination efforts. Few studies have examined the impact of travel on malaria epidemiology. We conducted a literature review and meta-analysis of studies investigating travel as a risk factor for malaria infection in sub-Saharan Africa using PubMed. We identified 22 studies and calculated a random-effects meta-analysis pooled odds ratio (OR) of 3.77 (95% CI: 2.49-5.70), indicating that travel is a significant risk factor for malaria infection. Odds ratios were particularly high in urban locations when travel was to rural areas, to more endemic/high transmission areas, and in young children. Although there was substantial heterogeneity in the magnitude of association across the studies, the pooled estimate and directional consistency support travel as an important risk factor for malaria infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.