SynthesisJournal of clinical monitoring and computing2021
Comparison of common perioperative blood loss estimation techniques: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Journal of clinical monitoring and computing, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Machine Learning in Assessing Intraoperative Blood Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International nursing review · 2026Pooled it
- Tranexamic acid for preventing postpartum haemorrhage after caesarean section.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Quantification of blood loss for the diagnosis of postpartum hemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Revista brasileira de enfermagem · 2023Pooled it
- Effect of tranexamic acid on blood loss in patients undergoing resection of large meningioma: a randomized clinical trial.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Blunt versus sharp expansion of uterine incision during lower segment cesarean section.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Trial
- Accurate estimation of blood loss during cesarean deliveries: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial comparing visual, quantitative and calculated approaches.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2025Trial
- Effects of oral clonidine on bleeding in pelvic and acetabular fractures surgery: a randomized controlled trial.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2025Trial
- Laser hemorrhoidoplasty versus hemorrhoidectomy in the treatment of surgically indicated hemorrhoids in inflammatory bowel patients: a randomized comparative clinical study.Surgical endoscopy · 2025Trial
- Pedicle subtraction osteotomy using ultrasonic bone curette yields fewer durotomies, decreased blood loss: a single surgeon's retrospective experience.Journal of spine surgery (Hong Kong) · 2026Article
- Definition, analysis, reporting, and interpretation of perioperative bleeding in randomized controlled trials: a methodological systematic review.Perioperative medicine (London, England) · 2026Review
- The Influence of Gender and Professional Background on the Accuracy of Visual Blood-Loss Estimation in Obstetrics-Prospective Observational Simulation Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- [Blood Loss in Open Spine Surgeries - Preoperative Estimate vs Reality].Acta chirurgiae orthopaedicae et traumatologiae Cechoslovaca · 2026Review
- Article
- Accuracy of Blood Loss Estimation and Identification of Factors Contributing to Early Postpartum Hemorrhage Following Vaginal Delivery.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Spine surgery and major blood loss: how accurate is suction canister estimation?European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- Short-term maternal outcomes after intraoperative administration of prophylactic oxytocin during cesarean sections: a retrospective cohort study with a comparison of different administration protocols.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2026Article
- The impact of body mass and posterior adiposity indices in robotic adrenalectomy.Surgical endoscopy · 2026Article
- Perioperative blood loss in robotic urologic surgery: a retrospective evaluation of estimation methods.Journal of robotic surgery · 2026Article
- Rethinking intraoperative blood loss monitoring: a decision-oriented framework for clinically integrated assessment.International journal of burns and trauma · 2026Review
- Cost comparison of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: experience from Nigeria and the United States.Frontiers in public health · 2026Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Estimating intraoperative blood loss is one of the daily challenges for clinicians. Despite the knowledge of the inaccuracy of visual estimation by anaesthetists and surgeons, this is still the mainstay to estimate surgical blood loss. This review aims at highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of currently used measurement methods. A systematic review of studies on estimation of blood loss was carried out. Studies were included investigating the accuracy of techniques for quantifying blood loss in vivo and in vitro. We excluded nonhuman trials and studies using only monitoring parameters to estimate blood loss. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate systematic measurement errors of the different methods. Only studies that were compared with a validated reference e.g. Haemoglobin extraction assay were included. 90 studies met the inclusion criteria for systematic review and were analyzed. Six studies were included in the meta-analysis, as only these were conducted with a validated reference. The mixed effect meta-analysis showed the highest correlation to the reference for colorimetric methods (0.93 95% CI 0.91-0.96), followed by gravimetric (0.77 95% CI 0.61-0.93) and finally visual methods (0.61 95% CI 0.40-0.82). The bias for estimated blood loss (ml) was lowest for colorimetric methods (57.59 95% CI 23.88-91.3) compared to the reference, followed by gravimetric (326.36 95% CI 201.65-450.86) and visual methods (456.51 95% CI 395.19-517.83). Of the many studies included, only a few were compared with a validated reference. The majority of the studies chose known imprecise procedures as the method of comparison. Colorimetric methods offer the highest degree of accuracy in blood loss estimation. Systems that use colorimetric techniques have a significant advantage in the real-time assessment of blood loss.
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