ArticleJCI insight2020
The impact of antidiabetic treatment on human hypothalamic infundibular neurons and microglia.
Article in JCI insight, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of diabetes on microglial physiology: a systematic review of in vitro, preclinical and clinical studies.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2023Pooled it
- Hypothalamic Inflammaging: A Central Driver of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Disease in Aging.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2026Review
- Neuropathological changes in the nucleus basalis of Meynert in people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus.Acta neuropathologica · 2025Article
- Review
- Selective changes in vasopressin neurons and astrocytes in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of Prader-Willi syndrome subjects.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2025Article
- Intermittent hypoxia exacerbates anxiety in high-fat diet-induced diabetic mice by inhibiting TREM2-regulated IFNAR1 signaling.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Perinatal Western-style diet exposure associated with decreased microglial counts throughout the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus in Japanese macaques.Journal of neurophysiology · 2024Article
- Reduction of oxytocin-containing neurons and enhanced glymphatic activity in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2023Article
- The hypothalamus for whole-body physiology: from metabolism to aging.Protein & cell · 2022Review
- Metabolic factors in the regulation of hypothalamic innate immune responses in obesity.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2022Review
- Hypothalamic miR-1983 Targets Insulin Receptor β and the Insulin-mediated miR-1983 Increase Is Blocked by Metformin.Endocrinology · 2022Article
- Upregulation of hypothalamic POMC neurons after biliary diversion in GK rats.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Metformin attenuates hypothalamic inflammation via downregulation of RIPK1-independent microglial necroptosis in diet-induced obese mice.Cell death discovery · 2021Article
- Hypothalamic neuropeptides and neurocircuitries in Prader Willi syndrome.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2021Review
- Microglia-Neuron Crosstalk in Obesity: Melodious Interaction or Kiss of Death?International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Animal studies indicate that hypothalamic dysfunction plays a major role in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) development, and that insulin resistance and inflammation are important mechanisms involved in this disorder. However, it remains unclear how T2DM and antidiabetic treatments affect the human hypothalamus. Here, we characterized the proopiomelanocortin (POMC) immunoreactive (-ir) neurons, the neuropeptide-Y-ir (NPY-ir) neurons, the ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1-ir (iba1-ir) microglia, and the transmembrane protein 119-ir (TMEM119-ir) microglia in the infundibular nucleus (IFN) of human postmortem hypothalamus of 32 T2DM subjects with different antidiabetic treatments and 17 matched nondiabetic control subjects. Compared with matched control subjects, T2DM subjects showed a decrease in the number of POMC-ir neurons, but no changes in NPY-ir neurons or microglia. Interestingly, T2DM subjects treated with the antidiabetic drug metformin had fewer NPY-ir neurons and microglia than T2DM subjects not treated with metformin. We found that the number of microglia correlated with the number of NPY-ir neurons, but only in T2DM subjects. These results indicate that different changes in POMC and NPY neurons and microglial cells in the IFN accompany T2DM. In addition, T2DM treatment modality is associated with highly selective changes in hypothalamic neurons and microglial cells.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.