ArticleThe Journal of nutrition2020
Astaxanthin-Shifted Gut Microbiota Is Associated with Inflammation and Metabolic Homeostasis in Mice.
Article in The Journal of nutrition, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Zeaxanthin Modulates Early Metabolic and Inflammatory Responses in db/db Mice: Associations with Intestinal Lipid Handling and Gut Microbiome Remodeling.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Exploring the Multifunctional Benefits of Astaxanthin in Aging, Oxidative Stress, Immune Dysfunction, Gut and Skin Health.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Review
- Effects of Astaxanthin as a Feed Additive on Growth Performance, Intestinal Microbiota and Clinical Parameters in Preweaning Female Holstein Calves: A Preliminary Study.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Retinal Carotenoid Supplementation Increases HDL Cholesterol in Humans and Mice.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Potential Role of Microalgal Antioxidant Molecules on the Microbiota-Gut Axis in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Characterization of astaxanthin isomers in different types of salmon filets and human plasma after salmon consumption.Food chemistry · 2025Article
- Recent advances in carotenoid absorption, distribution, and elimination.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular and cell biology of lipids · 2025Review
- Astaxanthin Mitigates ADHD Symptoms in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats via Dopaminergic Modulation and Brain-Gut Axis Regulation.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Carotenoids Improve Obesity and Fatty Liver Disease via Gut Microbiota: A Narrative Review.Food science & nutrition · 2025Review
- Natural bioactive compounds and their mechanisms of action in the management of obesity: a narrative review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- Astaxanthin Supplementation Does Not Alter Training-Related Changes in Inflammatory Cytokine Profile in Arabian Racing Horses.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Characterization of the ruminal microbiota in sheep and goats fed different levels of tannin-rich Sericea lespedeza hay.Journal of animal science · 2024Article
- Carotenoids in Health as Studied by Omics-Related Endpoints.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Review
- Sources, dynamics in vivo, and application of astaxanthin and lutein in laying hens: A review.Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui) · 2023Review
- The Antioxidant Effect of Dietary Bioactives Arises from the Interplay between the Physiology of the Host and the Gut Microbiota: Involvement of Short-Chain Fatty Acids.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Crosstalk between Mycotoxins and Intestinal Microbiota and the Alleviation Approach via Microorganisms.Toxins · 2022Review
- Zeaxanthin Dipalmitate-Enriched Emulsion Stabilized with Whey Protein Isolate-Gum Arabic Maillard Conjugate Improves Gut Microbiota and Inflammation of Colitis Mice.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Article
- β-carotene improves fecal dysbiosis and intestinal dysfunctions in a mouse model of vitamin A deficiency.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular and cell biology of lipids · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAstaxanthin is a red lipophilic carotenoid that is often undetectable in human plasma due to the limited supply in typical Western diets. Despite its presence at lower than detectable concentrations, previous clinical feeding studies have reported that astaxanthin exhibits potent antioxidant properties.
objectiveWe examined astaxanthin accumulation and its effects on gut microbiota, inflammation, and whole-body metabolic homeostasis in wild-type C57BL/6 J (WT) and β-carotene oxygenase 2 (BCO2) knockout (KO) mice.
methodsSix-wk-old male and female BCO2 KO and WT mice were provided with either nonpurified AIN93M (e.g., control diet) or the control diet supplemented with 0.04% astaxanthin (wt/wt) ad libitum for 8 wk. Whole-body energy expenditure was measured by indirect calorimetry. Feces were collected from individual mice for short-chain fatty acid assessment. Hepatic astaxanthin concentrations and liver metabolic markers, cecal gut microbiota profiling, inflammation markers in colonic lamina propria, and plasma samples were assessed. Data were analyzed by 3-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc analysis.
resultsBCO2 KO but not WT mice fed astaxanthin had ∼10-fold more of this compound in liver than controls (P < 0.05). In terms of the microbiota composition, deletion of BCO2 was associated with a significantly increased abundance of Mucispirillum schaedleri in mice regardless of gender. In addition to more liver astaxanthin in male KO compared with WT mice fed astaxanthin, the abundance of gut Akkermansia muciniphila was 385% greater, plasma glucagon-like peptide 1 was 27% greater, plasma glucagon and IL-1β were 53% and 30% lower, respectively, and colon NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation was 23% lower (all P < 0.05) in male KO mice than the WT mice.
conclusionsAstaxanthin affects the gut microbiota composition in both genders, but the association with reductions in local and systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and improvement of metabolic homeostasis only occurs in male mice.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.