ArticleAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2020
Cigarette Smoke Extract Stimulates MMP-2 Production in Nasal Fibroblasts via ROS/PI3K, Akt, and NF-κB Signaling Pathways.
Article in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Cigarette Smoke Extract Alters the Inflammatory Secretome of Osteoarthritis-Affected Synovium Increasing Joint Tissue Oxidative Stress in an Indirect Co-Culture Model.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2026Article
- Proteomics Reveals Mechanisms of Delayed Keratoconus Progression: A Study of Corneas Following Two Light-Activated Crosslinking Treatments.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Fibroblast PI3K/AKT signaling and extracellular matrix homeostasis: mechanisms, targets, and delivery challenges.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- A combination of silica and cigarette smoke extract exacerbates lung fibrosis: Unveiling a harmful synergy.PloS one · 2025Article
- Role and Therapeutic Potential of miR-301b-3p in Regulating the PI3K-AKT Pathway via PIK3CB in Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Expression of Stress-Induced Genes in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Cells and Lung Fibroblasts from Healthy and COPD Subjects.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Thymoquinone, a Novel Multi-Strike Inhibitor of Pro-Tumorigenic Breast Cancer (BC) Markers: CALR, NLRP3 Pathway and sPD-L1 in PBMCs of HR+ and TNBC Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Immunological Aspects of Chronic Rhinosinusitis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- The Protective Effect of Carotenoids, Polyphenols, and Estradiol on Dermal Fibroblasts under Oxidative Stress.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- IL-1β augments TGF-β inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition of epithelial cells and associates with poor pulmonary function improvement in neutrophilic asthmatics.Respiratory research · 2021Article
- Cellular Oxidative Stress.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Effects ofInternational journal of endocrinology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cigarette smoke exposure has been shown to be associated with chronic rhinosinusitis and tissue remodeling. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) production in nasal fibroblasts and to determine the underlying molecular mechanisms. Primary nasal fibroblasts from six patients were isolated and cultured. After the exposure of fibroblasts to CSE, the expression levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 were measured by real-time PCR, ELISA, and immunofluorescence staining. The enzymatic activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were measured by gelatin zymography. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was analyzed using dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate and Amplex Red assays. PI3K/Akt phosphorylation and NF-κB activation were determined by Western blotting and luciferase assay. CSE significantly increased MMP-2 expression and inhibited TIMP-2 expression but did not affect MMP-9 and TIMP-1 expression. Furthermore, CSE significantly induced ROS production. However, treatment with ROS scavengers, specific PI3K/Akt inhibitors, NF-κB inhibitor, and glucocorticosteroids significantly decreased MMP-2 expression and increased TIMP-2 expression. Our results suggest that steroids inhibit CSE-regulated MMP-2 and TIMP-2 production and activation through the ROS/ PI3K, Akt, and NF-κB signaling pathways in nasal fibroblasts. CSE may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis by regulating MMP-2 and TIMP-2 expression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.